刘策暴 旭黄保祥等
摘要为研究灌溉型水库沿岸区的甲烷排放特征,于2010年5~10月采用静态箱-气相色谱法测定了泥河水库沿岸区的甲烷排放通量。结果发现,泥河水库沿岸区的甲烷排放通量为0.08~7.31 mg/(m2·h),平均为3.14 mg/(m2·h),夏季甲烷排放通量最高。甲烷通量与水温呈显著正相关关系,而与水深呈显著负相关关系。水生植物对甲烷排放的影响不显著。研究表明,灌溉活动引起的水深变化会影响沿岸区的甲烷排放,建议在估算灌溉型水库温室气体排放清单时考虑灌溉活动的影响。
关键词甲烷排放;灌溉型水库;沿岸区
中图分类号S181.3;X703文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2015)31-247-02
Methane Emission in the Littoral Zone of an Irrigation Reservoir——Nihe Reservoir Case
LIU Ce, BAO Xu, HUANG Baoxiang, HUANG Puyi* et al
(College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040)
AbstractMethane flux in the littoral zone of Nihe reservoir was measured by static chambergas chromatogram method from May to October 2010 in order to study methane emission characteristic in the littoral zone in the irrigation reservoirs. The results showed that the methane flux ranged from 0.08 to 7.31 mg/(m2·h), average of 3.14 mg/(m2·h). Methane emission peaked in summer. The CH4 flux was positively related to the water temperature and negatively relatedtothe water depth. There were no differences in methane flux between vegetation and vegetation removal regions.The results suggest that methane emission in the littoral zone was affected by water depth change caused by irrigation, and methane emissions in the littoral zone should be considered to accurately estimate carbon gas emissions in irrigation reservoirs such as Nihe reservoir.
Key words Methane emission; Irrigation reservoir; Littoral zone
甲烷是引起全球气候变暖的主要温室气体之一,研究不同生态系统-大气的甲烷排放特征是预测全球气候变化趋势的基本前提。目前甲烷排放的研究主要集中在湿地、湖泊等方面[1-2],关于水库,特别是灌溉型水库的甲烷排放研究较少。
泥河水库位于黑龙江省兰西、呼兰、绥化交界,处于呼兰河支流泥河的下游,集水区1 515 km2,最大水深3 m(丰水期),属于大型(Ⅱ)平原灌溉型水库。该研究通过测定泥河水库沿岸区甲烷排放通量,分析甲烷排放的影响因子,揭示东北地区平原灌溉型水库的甲烷排放特征,为评价水库的生态效益,优化管理模式,减少温室气体排放提供理论依据和数据支持。
1材料和方法
1.1研究地概况
泥河水庫(46°15′ N,126°37′ E)位于黑龙江省泥河下游,1978年建成,集水区主要为农田。水库集水区和灌溉区面积分别为1 515和48 km2;敞水区面积40 km2,平均和最大水深分别为2.6和4.5 m。……