卵巢癌患者PICC置管后堵管原因分析

陈维佳

摘要：目的： 探討卵巢癌患者进行外周静脉置管 （PICC）后，导致堵管原因分析及护理对策。方法： 治疗组患者在进行PICC置管后给予常规护理，对照组则在进行PICC置管前对所有护理人员进行PICC堵管知识和技能的操作培训。比较两组患者进行PICC置管后堵管发生率以及堵管原因分析，给予正确的护理对策。结果： 护理组经过PICC置管堵管只是和技能的操作培训后，堵管发生率为6.7%，对照组堵管发生率为43.3%，护理组的堵管发生率低于对照组，P<0.05。护理组的患者对PICC护理的满意度高于对照组，P<0.05。PICC导管堵塞的原因主要有血液反流、机械性堵管、冲管封管方式错误，其中护理组的导管堵塞次数少于对照组，P<0.05.结论： 对护理人员进行有关PICC堵管知识和技能操作培训，能够有效的降低卵巢癌患者PICC置管后的堵管率，减轻患者的痛苦，提高满意度，值得在临床上推广。

关键词：卵巢癌；PICC置管；堵管原因

Abstract： Objective To investigate the causes and nursing strategies of the patients with ovarian cancer after peripheral venous catheter （PICC）. Methods the patients in the treatment group were given conventional nursing after PICC intubation， while the control group was trained on the operation and training of PICC on the knowledge and skills of all nursing staff before PICC was performed. To compare the two groups of patients with PICC after tube insertion and the reason analysis， and give the correct nursing countermeasures. Results after the operation and training of PICC， the control group was 6.7%， the control group was 43.3%， the control group was lower than the control group， P < 0.05. The satisfaction of nursing group was higher than that in control group， P < 0.05. The reason of PICC catheter blockage is blood flow， mechanical blockage， pipe sealing， and the number of catheter blockage is less than the control group， P < 0.05. conclusion is effective in reducing the blocking rate of PICC in the patients with PICC， and it is worth to be popularized in clinic.

Keywords： ovarian cancer； PICC tube； tube blockage

卵巢癌（Ovarian cancer）是女性恶性肿瘤中的一种，在临床治疗的过程中常常采用化疗、手术治疗、免疫治疗等方式[1]。患者在住院治疗以后需要长期的输液，包括高渗液体、抗生素、化疗药物等刺激性药物，反复的经脉穿刺给患者的身心带来了巨大的伤害[2]，导致一部分患者产生反复静脉穿刺所导致的不耐受和情绪上的抵触，这无疑增加了护士的临床穿刺和护理的难度[3]。PICC置管是一种较为安全的经外周插管中心静脉置管的方式，能够有效的减轻反复静脉穿刺给患者带来的痛苦，还能够减轻护理人员的工作量。但在实际的临床应用过程中，PICC置管会出现一些安全隐患问题，其中堵管是较为常见的一种安全隐患，如何能够有效的预防PICC堵管成为了护理工作中的重要内容。我院针对卵巢癌患者PICC置管后堵管的原因进行分析以后，有针对性的对护理人员进行PICC堵管知识和技能的培训，大大降低了堵管率，取得了良好的临床效果，现报告如下。……