有晶体眼后房型人工晶体植入术及准分子激光上皮下角膜原位磨镶术对中，高度近视术后视觉质量上的对比

徐馨馨　谷浩

【摘要】：随着社会发展，人们的生活质量越来越高，人们对视觉质量的追求也越来越高。视觉质量包括：视力，对比敏感度（CS），波前像差等。影响视觉质量最主要的原因之一是近视。近视是指眼处在静态屈光时，无限远点投影在视网膜之前。据不完全统计，全球人群中有25%患有近视眼。高度近视眼患病率为2%，其病因尚不完全明确，眼轴延长和后葡萄膜肿为其基础性病变。现由晶体眼人工晶体植入术（PIOL）和传统准分子激光上皮下角膜原位磨镶术（LASEK）皆能达到提高视觉质量的目的。有晶体眼人工晶体植入术（PIOL）包括：虹膜夹持型人工晶体植入，房角固定型人工晶体植入及后房型人工晶体植入术。它是一种新型的矫正高度近视的方法，我们现在多用有晶体眼后房型人工晶体植入术（ICL）来矫正中，高度近视。传统的准分子激光上皮下角膜原位磨镶术（LASEK）由于切削改变角膜的非球面性导致术后视觉质量下降.而ICL具有矫正度数范围大，对于中，高度近视，甚至超高度近视矫正安全，有效，术后并发症少的特点。而对比LASEK，在视觉质量上面也存在于优越性。对于中，高度近视患者手术方式的选择，旨在手术安全性最高，风险最低的同时选择最适合患者的手术方式达到最佳视觉质量。

【关键词】：有晶体眼后房型人工晶体植入术，准分子激光上皮下角膜原位磨鑲术，视力，对比敏感度，波前像差。

【Abstract】Along with the social development， people's quality of life more and more high， people in the pursuit of visual quality is becoming more and more high. Visual quality include： visual acuity， contrast sensitivity （CS）， wave front as poor. Influence the visual quality of myopia is one of the main reason. Eye myopia is refers to in a static refractive， infinity point before the projection on the retina. According to incomplete statistics， 25% of the global population suffer from myopia. High myopia prevalence was 2%， its etiology is not fully clear， axial extension and uveitis after swollen as its basic pathological changes. Under the crystal eye iol implantation （PIOL） and conventional excimer laser in situ grinding with the cornea epithelial （LASEK） can achieve the goal of improve the visual quality. Crystal eye iol implantation （PIOL） include： iris clamping type artificial lens implantation， corner problems fixed type artificial lens implantation and intraocular lens implantation. It is a new kind of method of correction of high myopia， the problems we have crystal eyes now multi-purpose intraocular lens implantation （ICL） to correct in high myopia. Traditional excimer laser in situ grinding with the cornea epithelial （LASEK） due to change of corneal aspherical cutting to lower postoperative visual quality. ICL has a large range of modification degree， for the high myopia， even super high myopia correction safe， effective， less postoperative complications. And contrast LASEK， in the visual quality are also present in the above advantages. For the patients with high myopia operation method choice， aimed at the safety is the highest， lowest risk and choose the most suitable operation method to achieve the best visual quality of patients.

【key words 】Phakic intraocular lens implantation；L aser in situ keratomileusis；Visual activity；Contrast sensitivity；Aberration

【中图分类号】R722.12 【文献标识码】B【文章编号】1004-4949（2015）02-0007-01

治疗中、高度近视的手术方式有：有晶体眼人工晶体植入术（phakic intraocular lenses，PIOL）及准分子激光治疗。……