基于一、二阶嵌入灵敏度分析的车辆传动系统振动响应预测

第一作者黄毅男，博士生，1982年1月生

通信作者刘辉女，教授，博士生导师，1975年生

基于一、二阶嵌入灵敏度分析的车辆传动系统振动响应预测

黄毅1，刘辉1,2，项昌乐1,2

(1. 北京理工大学机械与车辆学院，北京100081； 2. 特种车辆研究所，北京100081)

摘要：由于汽车等行业新产品设计及零部件装配时，其原型样机在质量、阻尼、刚度等组件发生变化时常出现振动、噪声问题，需对修改后系统的振动进行预测。嵌入灵敏度函数在减小线性振动实现最优设计方面的作用已得到证实,在非线性系统中借助基于统计方法对响应特性进行评价并用于灵敏度中。采用一阶和二阶多步迭代两种灵敏度技术对车辆传动系统非线性模型振动响应的统计特性进行预测。结果表明，两种方法的预测精度在单自由度模型及车辆传动系统模型中获得验证。该方法为在系统设计参数局部摄动获得最优响应提供理论基础。

关键词：嵌入灵敏度；振动响应预测；非线性系统；车辆传动

收稿日期：2014-01-12修改稿收到日期：2014-11-26

中图分类号:U461.1文献标志码：A

基金项目：国家自然科学基金 (51275261)；国家科技重大专项 (ZX069)

Vibration response prediction for a vehicle transmission system using first-order and second-order iterative embedded sensitivity analysis

HUANGYi1,LIUHui1,2,XIANGChang-le1,2(1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081,China；2. Vehicle Research Center, Beijing 100081,China)

Abstract:In product manufacturing and test environments, engineers must predict how mechanical components vibrate after their mass, damping, and stiffness are modified. It makes predicting the changes in vibration response of the modified system relative to that of the original system be very important. Embedded sensitivity functions have been proved to have a good performance to realize optimal design modifications for reducing linear vibrations in certain frequency ranges. And it’s also a good way to evaluate the vibration characteristics of a nonlinear system based on the statistical method. Here, two techniques to predict the forced response of mechanical components for local changes in properties were presented based on a first-order multi-step iterative prediction and a second-order iterative embedded sensitivity analysis. The two methods were applied in a single DOF model to determine the accuracy of the predictions. They were also applied in a vehicle transmission system model. The study results provided a guidance for NVH engineers acquiring local optimal vibration response characteristics according to the proposed technique.

Key words:embedded sensitivity analysis; predicting response changes; nonlinear systems; vehicle transmission

将产品的开发设计周期最短化在企业推出新产品过程中极其重要。对汽车产业设计原型样机及零部件装配后出现的振动、噪声问题，只能通过设计迭代解决，但因时间及设计修改权限有限，在产品尺寸、质量、费用等能做的改动并不大。因此若有能预测产品在某些设计参数变化后动力学行为变化技术尤其重要，对找出局部范围内最优参数设计有明显帮助，此为结构动力学修改[1]。……