李家慧+黄海涛+卢庭启+杨群芳


摘要:研究了40%辛硫磷乳油、2%阿维菌素乳油、Bt可湿性粉剂和5%氯氰菊酯乳油4种杀虫剂对红珠凤蝶小斑亚种[Pachliopta aristolochiae adaeus (Rothschild)]的田间药效试验。结果表明,药后3 d,5%氯氰菊酯乳油防效为91.95%;药后7 d,5%氯氰菊酯乳油和40%辛硫磷乳油防效分别为95.21%和93.36%;药后10 d,5%氯氰菊酯乳油、40%辛硫磷乳油和Bt可湿性粉剂防效极显著高于2%阿维菌素乳油,分别为99.28%、98.35%、87.79%。
关键词:红珠凤蝶小斑亚种[Pachliopta aristolochiae adaeus (Rothschild)]; 杀虫剂; 田间试验
中图分类号:S482.3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2015)23-5902-02
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.026
Control Effect of Four Kinds of Microbial Insecticides against Pachliopta aristolochiae adieus
LI Jia-hui1, HUANG Hai-tao1, LU Ting-qi1, YANG Qun-fang2
(1. Mianyang Institute of Agricultural Science,Mianyang 621023,Sichuan,China;2.Sichuan Agricultural University,Yaan 625014,Sichuan,China)
Abstract: The effects of 4 insecticides against Pachliopta aristolochiae adieus larva were evaluated in field. After 1 day, the control effect of Cypermethrin 5% EC was better than others. After 3 days, the control effect of Cypermethrin 5% EC was up to 91.95%, and the Phoxim 40% EC was 81.06%, they were significant different with Abamectin 2% EC and Bt WP. After 7 days, Cypermethrin 5% EC and Phoxim 40% EC had an ideal control effect, were 95.21% and 93.86%, respectively. After 10 days, the control effect of Cypermethrin 5% EC, Phoxim 40% EC and Bt WP reached to satisfactory control effects, were 99.28%, 98.35% and 87.79%, respectively.
Key words:Pachliopta aristolochiae adieus(Rothschild); insecticide; field efficacy
红珠凤蝶小斑亚种[Pachliopta aristolochiae adaeus (Rothschild)]属鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)凤蝶科(Papilionidae)珠凤蝶属(Pachliopta)[1],为药用植物卵叶马兜铃(Aristolochiae tagala)上的重要害虫之一。卵叶马兜铃属马兜铃科(Aristolochiaceae),多年生藤本植物,是一种重要的药用植物,以果实(马兜铃)、根(青木香)及藤蔓(天仙藤)供药用,其根入药,平肝止痛、解毒消肿;其茎入药,行气活血、止痛、利尿;其果实入药,清热降气、止咳平喘[2]。野生和栽培的卵叶马兜铃均受到红珠凤蝶小斑亚种幼虫的危害,幼虫主要取食叶片,1~2龄幼虫主要取食嫩叶,3龄幼虫开始取食嫩叶和老叶,虫口密度大时,也取食嫩枝和茎,影响植株生长。
目前,仅见红珠凤蝶小斑亚种生活史、形态特征、生活习性和半人工饲料的研究报道[4-7],而未见对其幼虫防治的研究报道。因此,为了更好地控制红珠凤蝶小斑亚种幼虫对卵叶马兜铃的危害,本试验对红珠凤蝶小斑亚种的防治进行了初步研究,旨在为其防治及其合理利用奠定基础。
1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
供试杀虫剂有40%辛硫磷乳油(上海宜邦生物工程有限公司)、Bt可湿性粉剂(8 000 IU/mg)(湖北省农业科学院Bt研究开发中心研制)、5%氯氰菊酯乳油(济南天邦化工有限公司)、2%阿维菌素乳油(山东曹达化工有限公司)。……