辐照对中华绒螯蟹过敏蛋白生化特性的影响

廖涛+杨锴+耿胜荣+熊光权+陈玉霞+李新+鉏晓艳+白婵+程薇

摘要：为研究辐照脱除中华绒螯蟹过敏性的效果，对中华绒螯蟹的过敏原粗提液辐照0～45 kGy后进行SDS-PAGE、荧光光谱、紫外光谱分析和免疫印迹鉴定，研究辐照对过敏蛋白浓度、浊度、疏水性、免疫原性的影响。结果表明，与未辐照的中华绒螯蟹过敏原相比，辐照后蛋白浓度降低，浊度增高，从3 kGy时浊度的变化与蛋白浓度变化呈正相关，随蛋白浓度增高或降低，浊度也逐渐增加或减少。从低剂量到高剂量辐照时，疏水性逐渐增强，到20 kGy时疏水性达到最大值，然后随着辐照剂量的增加疏水性降低。低剂量辐照时过敏蛋白的浓度变化不大，到20 kGy时，过敏蛋白含量明显降低;45 kGy时，过敏蛋白基本被完全降解。免疫印迹试验结果表明，过敏蛋白的免疫原性随着辐照剂量的增加而降低。

关键词：中华绒螯蟹;过敏原;辐照;生化特性

中图分类号：S981.22        文献标识码：A        文章编号：0439-8114（2015）23-5973-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.046

Effects of Irradiation on Bio-chemistry Properties of Allergen in Chinese Mitten Crab

LIAO Tao，YANG Kai，GENG Sheng-rong，XIONG Guang-quan，CHEN Yu-xia，LI Xin，

ZU Xiao-yan，BAI Chan， CHENG Wei

（ Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology，Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Engineering Research Center for Farm Products Irradiation，Wuhan 430064，China）

Abstract： The effects of irradiation reducing allergenicity of Chinese Mitten Crab （Eriocheir Sinensis） were studied by SDS-PAGE， Fluorescence Spectrum， Ultraviolet Spectrum technology and Western-Blotting were used to analyze the change of allergy protein concentration， turbidity， surface hydrophobicity and immunogenicity after irradiated among 0～45 kGy dosage. The results showed that protein concentrations decreased compared with the unirradiated Chinese mitten crab allergen， turbidity changes were positively related to protein concentrations， and turbidity also gradually increased or decreased when the protein concentrations increased or decreased. From low dose to high dose irradiation， the surface hydrophobicity gradually increased and reached the maximum value at 20 kGy， however surface hydrophobicity reduced from 20～ 45 kGy. The electrophoretogram of SDS-PAGE showed that allergic protein concentration had a slight change at low dose irradiation， siginificantly decreased at 20 kGy， and the allergic protein was completely degraded when the dose reached 45 kGy. The results of Western-Blotting indicated that allergic protein immunogenicity reduced with the increase of irradiation dose.

Key words：Chinese mitten crab; allergen; irradiation; bio-chemistry properties

食物过敏，也称为食物变态反应、消化系统变态反应、过敏性胃肠炎等，是由于进食某种食物后造成的不良反应，有呕吐、腹泻及皮肤起疱等症状，严重的食物过敏能引起窒息、急性哮喘、过敏性休克甚至死亡。在联合国粮农组织提出的八大类易过敏食物中，虾蟹等甲壳类水产品是最重要的一类[1-3]。中华绒螯蟹又称河蟹、毛蟹、清水蟹、大闸蟹或螃蟹，味道鲜美，营养丰富，是一种经济蟹类，是中国传统的名贵水产品之一。随着消费人群的扩大，随之而来的蟹类过敏报道屡见不鲜[4-7]。……