不同浓度IBA对大叶黄杨扦插生根效果的影响

杜美娥　张伟　刘洁

摘要：以大叶黄杨（Euonymus japonicus Thunb.）当年生枝条为试材，以植物生长调节剂吲哚丁酸（Indole-3-butytric acid，IBA）为生根剂，比较了不同浓度IBA对大叶黄杨枝条扦插的生根效应，筛选出IBA最佳生根浓度，再利用筛选出来的最适IBA浓度对大叶黄杨插穗基部不同切口类型进行处理，寻找适合大叶黄杨扦插生根的IBA浓度与插穗基部不同切口类型结合的适宜方法。结果表明，植物生长调节剂IBA对大叶黄杨枝条生根效果以50 mg/L为最佳，生根率较高，为83.3%，根系效果指数为2.93；70 mg/L次之，生根率为70.8 %，根系效果指数为1.37，90 mg/L的处理较差，生根率为65.6%，根系效果指数仅0.40。插穗基部切口类型不同处理以斜切处理效果较好，生根条数最多、根长度最长，对扦插生根的影响较其他切口类型大。因此，大叶黄杨枝条扦插在生产上采用的植物生长调节剂IBA浓度为50 mg/L，且插穗基部斜切处理，可提高扦插枝条的成活率。

关键词：大叶黄杨（Euonymus japonicus Thunb.）；吲哚丁酸；扦插生根；切口类型

中图分类号：S687 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2015）24-6268-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.24.044

Abstract： Using 1-year-old shoot of Euonynus japonicus Thunb. was selected as the experimental material and plant growth regulator Indole-3-butytric acid （IBA） as rooting reagent， different IBA concentration treatments were set to study the effect of IBA concentration on E. japonicus 1-year-old shoot rooting. Then the ideal IBA concentration for rooting was used to study the effect of different cutting types on E. japonicus cuttings rooting to find out appropriate IBA concentration and cutting types for E. japonicus cuttings rooting. The results showed that treatment with 50 mg/L IBA obtained the best rooting effect， with the rooting rate 83.3% and index of root system 2.93， followed by treatment with 70 mg/L IBA， with rooting rate 70.8% and index of root system 1.37. Treatment with 90 mg/L IBA had poor effect， with rooting rate only 65.6% and index of root system 0.40. Among the four different cutting types， oblique cutting method obtained the best rooting effect， with the most root number and the longest root length. So it could be concluded that treatment with 50 mg/L IBA and adopted oblique cutting could increase cuttings' survival rate in production practice.

Key words： Euonymus japonicus Thunb.； Indole-3-butytric acid； cutting rooting； cutting type

大叶黄杨（Euonymus japonicus Thunb.）别名冬青卫矛，是卫矛科（Celastraceae）常绿灌木或小乔木，株高达5 m，小枝近四棱形。由于其四季常青，适应性强，极耐修剪，在园林绿化中常作为绿篱和大型花坛的主要树种；并且抗污染、耐干旱、抗二氧化硫等有毒气体的能力较强，加之叶色青翠秀美，所以是园林绿化上常用的观叶树种[1]。大叶黄杨主要通过播种和嫁接等方式进行繁殖，但繁殖系数较低，难以满足生产所需[2]。扦插具有成活率高、繁殖速度快、方法简单、操作容易、成本低等优点，因此，在苗木培育中经常用到。……