审定小麦品种高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW—GS)组成分析

2016-01-12 08:49:24陈泠许恒佟汉文朱展望刘易科张宇庆邹娟鲍文杰高春保
湖北农业科学 2015年24期

陈泠 许恒 佟汉文 朱展望 刘易科 张宇庆 邹娟 鲍文杰 高春保

摘要:为了解育种亲本中审定小麦(Triticum aestivum Linn.)品种的品质状况,采用SDS-PAGE技术对127份审定品种高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成进行分析。结果表明,共发现10种等位基因变异和17种亚基组合类型,其中Glu-A1位点以亚基Null(47.24%)和1(48.03%)为主,Glu-B1位点以7+8(44.09%)和7+9(44.09%)为主,Glu-D1位点只有亚基2+12(70.08%)和5+10(29.92%),总体品质评分为7.12。2002—2011年比1992—2001年审定品种品质有所提升,优质亚基2*、14+15、17+18和5+10出现频率相对提高了,但需注意1亚基频率降低较多。同时,5+10亚基频率仍需提高。另外,还需导入其他亚基种类,以丰富中国小麦HMW-GS组成多样性,提高优质亚基及优质亚基组合频率,改善小麦加工品质。

关键词:小麦(Triticum aestivum Linn.);高分子质量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS);品质

中图分类号:S512.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2015)24-6330-04

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.24.061

Abstract:In order to investigate the quality of wheat varieties as breeding parents, SDS-PAGE technique was used to analyze the HMW-GS composition of 127 wheat varieties. 10 HMW-GS alleles and 17 subunit combination were detected. The subunits Null (47.24%), 1(48.03%), 7+8 (44.09%) and 7+9 (44.09%) were the major subunits on locus Glu-A1 and Glu-B1. Only two subunits 2+12 (70.08%) and 5+10 (29.92%) were detected on locus Glu-D1. The average quality score was 7.12. Comparative analysis of wheat varieties approved from 2002 to 2011 and 1992 to 2001, the frequencies of quality subunits, such as 2*, 14+15, 17+18 and 5+10, were enhanced. While the frequency of 1 subunit was reduced more often, and should be concerned and improved in future. The frequency of subunit 5+10 also should be increased too. Meanwhile, the introduction of other subunits to Chinese wheat varieties would abundant the diversity of HMW-GS composition. Through improving the frequencies of quality subunits and combinations, the processing quality of wheat would be improved.

Key words:wheat; HMW-GS; quality

小麦(Triticum aestivum Linn.)高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)与小麦加工品质密切相关,不同的HMW-GS对品质的影响不同[1],经前人研究发现,亚基1、2*、7+8、13+16、14+15、17+18和5+10对小麦加工品质起正向作用,被称为优质亚基[2-4]。中国小麦品种比国外小麦品种品质差的主要原因之一就是中国小麦HMW-GS组成较差,缺乏优质亚基和优质亚基组合[5]。通过研究现有小麦种质资源HMW-GS组成,可初步了解小麦的加工品质,从而有目的地引入优质或特异等位基因,改良小麦HMW-GS组成,提高小麦品质。

审定品种是通过生产试验,具有高产、抗逆或优质等特点的品种资源,可作为育种亲本用于新品种培育。因此,本研究选择了适合湖北省气候的审定品种127份,审定年份从1992 — 2011年,分析其HMW-GS组成和变化特点,以便为培育优质小麦新品种提供参考资料和种质资源。……

登录APP查看全文