咸蛋腌制剂低盐高渗替代物的筛选

2016-01-12 08:50:04孙静皮劲松潘爱銮申杰梁振华吴艳蒲跃进张昊杜金平
湖北农业科学 2015年24期

孙静 皮劲松 潘爱銮 申杰 梁振华 吴艳 蒲跃进 张昊 杜金平

摘要:为了研究木糖醇、甘露糖醇、山梨糖醇、麦芽糖醇等食品添加剂部分替代NaCl对咸蛋进行腌制,分别设置0.5%、1%、2%、4%、8% 5个浓度梯度检测其渗透压,发现糖醇的渗透压值随糖醇浓度的增加呈正比趋势,同时筛选出渗透压较高的糖醇种类为山梨糖醇(470 mOsm/L)和甘露糖醇(471 mOsm/L),筛选出部分替代食盐效果最好的糖醇是1%山梨糖醇、4%木糖醇和0.5%麦芽糖醇,三者腌制24 d后蛋清含盐率分别为(3.91±0.37)%、(4.09±0.04%)、(3.25±0.09)%,蛋黄含盐率分别为(1.56±0.12)%、(1.58±0.09)%、(1.69±0.04)%,腌制30 d后蛋黄出油率感官评分分别为(7.60±0.40)、(8.75±0.25)、(8.50±1.40)分,并观察试验组咸蛋的货架期,发现甘露糖醇组在腌制30 d时即出现大量霉变现象,不适宜用于咸蛋腌制;山梨糖醇组、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇组在4 ℃下保存45 d仍未见变质。

关键词:咸蛋腌制;替代物;糖醇

中图分类号:TS253.4+1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2015)24-6334-04

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.24.062

Abstract:Using 0%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% and 10% salt water for osmotic pressure detection, osmotic pressure was obtained by linear regression relation.Xylitol, mannitol, sorbitol, maltitol set respectively 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8% concentration gradient of the five test the osmotic pressure, it is found that sugar alcohol osmotic pressure value with the increase of the concentration of sugar alcohol was increased. At the same time, select higher osmotic pressure of sugar alcohol types for sorbitol (470 mosm/L) and mannitol (471 mosm/L). Under the condition of 17% brine concentration, the xylitol, mannitol, maltitol, sorbitol content were 0.5%, 1% and 4% of 12 groups. Test sampling regularly, to egg white salt rate, egg yolk, salt content, egg yolk, spiral and sensory evaluation as evaluation index, screen out partly replace salt effect is the best sugar alcohol 1% sorbitol (3.91+/-0.37%, egg yolk, egg white salt content rate of salt 1.56+/-0.12%, egg yolk, two 57.6+/-0.40%), 4% xylitol (4.09+/-0.04%, egg yolk, egg white salt content rate of salt 1.58+/-0.09%, egg yolk, two 58.75+/-0.25%)) and 0.5% maltitol (3.25+/-0.09%, egg yolk, egg white salt content rate of salt 1.69+/-0.04%, egg yolk, two 58.50+/-1.40%). It is indicated that a large amount of mildew occurred in manitol group for 30 d, which is not suitable for salty preserved. Sorbitol, xylitol, maltitol groups were not metamorphic when reserved under 4 ℃ for 45 d.

Key words:salted eggs preserved; substitute; sugar alcohol

咸蛋是中国历史悠久的传统特色产品,具有蛋白细腻、鲜嫩,蛋黄松沙出油等特点,还含有丰富的蛋白质、维生素和矿物质。咸蛋产品生产条件简易,加工工艺简单,近年来咸蛋产量大增,蛋制品约占蛋类总产量的0.7%~1%,而中式传统蛋制品(皮蛋﹑咸蛋﹑糟蛋)约占蛋制品的80%,提高品质是目前需要解决的首要问题。传统的咸蛋腌制周期长,且口感较差,为了改进咸蛋的研制工艺,郑玉锖等[1]通过跟踪检测咸蛋腌制过程中蛋清氯化钠浓度的变化,观察到蛋清的黏性对氯化钠进入蛋清有显著作用,并利用超声波降低蛋清黏度的特性,使腌制时间缩短了40%。李帅俊等……

登录APP查看全文