山桃稠李嫩枝扦插技术试验

山桃稠李嫩枝扦插技术试验

郝伟

(宽甸满族自治县林业调查规划设计院，辽宁 丹东 118200)

摘要2013年，在宽甸满族自治县国营黎明林场苗圃进行了山桃稠李嫩枝扦插技术试验，结果表明：采用嫩枝扦插比硬枝扦插提高成活率17.7个百分点，苗高生长量和地径生长量均比硬枝扦插有较大幅度提高。使用生根剂IBA和ATP没有显著差异，但与对照有显著差异，说明使用生根剂能够显著提高扦插成活率；喷施营养液后，苗高、地径、成活率分别比对照提高11.5%、50.8%和5.5%。嫩枝扦插节省条材，并能节省扦插人工费，是一种较好的繁殖方法。

关键词山桃稠李；嫩枝扦插；技术探讨

收稿日期：2015-08-17

作者简介：郝伟(1975-)，男，辽宁宽甸人，大学，工程师，从事林业调查设计工作.

中图分类号：S723.131.1

Technique of Softwood Cuttings ofPrunusdavidiana

Hao Wei

(Forest Inventory and Planning Institute,Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County,Dandong 118200,China)

AbstractExperiments of softwood cuttings of Prunus davidiana were conducted in Nursery of State-Owned Liming Forest Farm in Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County in 2013. Result shows that the survival rate by adopting softwood cuttings increase by 17.7% than that by adopting hardwood cuttings. The growth of seedling height & diameter growth increase largely higher than that of hardwood cuttings. Adopting IBA rooting agent and ATP agent have significant differences with CK. It illustrates that using rooting powder can significantly improve the survival rate of cuttings. Seedling height,diameter,survival rate increase by 11.5%,50.8% and 5.5% respectively than that of CK after spraying nutrients .Softwood cuttings can save material and labor costs,it is a good breeding methods.

Key wordsPrunusdavidiana; softwood cuttings; technique discussion

山桃稠李(PrunusdavidianaL.)系蔷薇科李属,是城乡绿化的优良树种，也是城市绿化树种多样化，彩叶多元化较佳的选配树种，随着城市生态建设朝着美化、功能化和亮化发展，山桃稠李以紫色为特点，在城市和城乡绿化应用广泛。山桃稠李的繁殖多以硬枝扦插繁殖为主，也曾报道过组培繁殖的方法，但较为详细的探讨嫩枝扦插技术和相关的试验报道却较少。作者基于2013年的嫩枝扦插试验，把山桃稠李嫩枝扦插技术和试验结果进行交流，为从事这方面研究和育苗工作提供参考。

1试验方法

1.1　优良母树的选择

山桃稠李穗材的选择第一步是要选择采穗树，基于遗传理论，首选选择生长健壮、树干和树形优美圆满，主枝和侧枝分布均匀，无残枝和病虫枝、无徒长和衰弱枝的优树作为采穗母树。……