地震与海啸作用下重力式岸墙旋转位移拟静力分析①

2016-01-18 05:23:20林永亮,李新星
地震工程学报 2015年3期

地震与海啸作用下重力式岸墙旋转位移拟静力分析①

林永亮1, 李新星2

(1.上海大学土木工程系,上海 200072; 2.上海隧道工程轨道交通设计研究院,上海 200070)

摘要:被动状态下位移预测是挡墙地震工程设计中的关键,而岸墙后回填土的孔隙水压力对墙体运动具有一定影响。采用拟静力法计算墙后部分浸水土体的被动动土压力,根据静力水压力理论近似计算土颗粒里的动水压力;同时考虑地震荷载和海啸力的作用,根据力矩极限平衡确定旋转门槛加速度系数,采用旋转块体方法计算岸墙被动旋转运动下的地震位移。探讨回填砂土内摩擦角、墙体与土间摩擦角、地震加速度系数、回填土地下水位、海啸波浪高度等参数对旋转位移的影响。

关键词:海啸力; 挡墙; 旋转滑块; 动水压力; 位移

收稿日期:①2014-08-20

基金项目:国家自然科学

作者简介:林永亮(1977-),男,山东栖霞人,讲师,从事土动力与土工加筋技术方面的研究。E-mail:lin_yliang@163.com。

中图分类号:TU435文献标志码:A

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0844.2015.03.0840

Quasi-static Analysis of Rotational Displacement in a Gravity

Retaining Wall During Earthquakes and Tsunamis

LIN Yong-liang1, LI Xin-xing2

(1.DepartmentofCivilEngineering,ShanghaiUniversity,Shanghai200072,China;

2.ShanghaiTunnelEngineeringandRailTransitDesign&ResearchInstitute,Shanghai200070,China)

Abstract:The prediction of seismic rotational displacements in retaining walls under passive conditions is an important design aspect in earthquake-prone regions. In this study, a rotating block method was developed to calculate the rotational displacements of quay walls based on rigid foundations under seismic loading, and tsunami forces for the passive earth pressure condition. The proposed method considered the combined effects of seismic forces, hydrostatic, and hydrodynamic pressures and tsunami forces acting on the quay wall. The tsunami force was considered to be an additional force acting on the upstream face of the wall, and was calculated using a simple formula. Variations of different parameters involved in the analysis suggested the sensitiveness of the rotational displacements against the rotational slider of failure of the wall, which will provide a better guideline for design.

Key words: tsunami force; retaining wall; rotational slider; hydrodynamic pressure; displacement

0引言

地震及海啸会对滨水区的挡墙造成很大影响,因此如何评价岸边挡墙的抗震稳定性至关重要。目前设计中主要有安全系数法和位移控制两种方法。Wu等[1]基于修正的剪切梁模型建立了刚性挡墙的近似抗震计算方法;Caltabiano等[2]采用Mononobe-Okabe法计算动土压力,分析了超载对挡墙稳定性的影响。针对被动挡墙的抗震设计,已取得了许多的成果[3-5],但仅适合墙后填土为干土的情况,未考虑静、动水压力的影响。Matsuzawa等[6]首次提出将动载作用下孔隙中的水分为两类:不受土颗粒约束并可以产生动水压力的自由水以及因受土颗粒约束而和土颗粒一起运动的受限水,根据已有的试验通过修正分别计算动土压力和动水压力。……

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