苜蓿对匍柄霉叶斑病与茎点霉叶斑病的抗性评价研究

王瑜，刘怡，周彬彬，袁庆华*，张丽,2，潘龙其,2

(1.中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所，北京 100193；2.甘肃农业大学草业学院，甘肃 兰州 730070)

苜蓿对匍柄霉叶斑病与茎点霉叶斑病的抗性评价研究

王瑜1，刘怡1，周彬彬1，袁庆华1*，张丽1,2，潘龙其1,2

(1.中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所，北京 100193；2.甘肃农业大学草业学院，甘肃 兰州 730070)

摘要：为探明不同紫花苜蓿品种对匍柄霉叶斑病与茎点霉叶斑病的抗性，本研究采用温室内孢子悬浮液喷雾接种法，对来自国内外的40个苜蓿品种进行了苗期抗病性鉴定和评价，同时，对接种浓度进行研究。研究结果表明，随着孢子悬浮液浓度的升高，10个品种匍柄霉叶斑病与茎点霉叶斑病的病情指数均呈现逐渐升高的趋势，匍柄霉叶斑病的适宜接种浓度为1×105～1×106个孢子/mL，茎点霉叶斑病的适宜接种浓度为1×106个孢子/mL。在1×106个孢子/mL 的接种浓度下，40个苜蓿品种匍柄霉叶斑病的病情指数为3.33～35.83，茎点霉叶斑病的病情指数为13.07～52.27，品种间均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。从中筛选出抗匍柄霉叶斑病品种14份，其中，高抗品种1份(公农2号)，中抗品种13份；从中筛选出抗茎点霉叶斑病品种1份，为来自美国的中抗品种润布勒。

关键词：紫花苜蓿；匍柄霉叶斑病；茎点霉叶斑病；抗病性

DOI：10.11686/cyxb2014337

Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhou B B, Yuan Q H, Zhang L, Pan L Q. An evaluation of the resistance of alfalfa cultivars toStemphyliumandPhomaleaf spot diseases. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(7): 155-162.

王瑜，刘怡，周彬彬，袁庆华，张丽，潘龙其. 苜蓿对匍柄霉叶斑病与茎点霉叶斑病的抗性评价研究. 草业学报, 2015, 24(7): 155-162.

http://cyxb.lzu.edu.cn

收稿日期：2014-08-20；改回日期：2014-12-25

基金项目：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAD17B01)和公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201303057)资助。

作者简介：王瑜(1981-)，女，山东威海人，助理研究员。 E-mail:yuwang-99@hotmail.com

通讯作者*Corresponding author. E-mail:yuanqinghua@hotmail.com

Abstract:Forty alfalfa (Medicago sativa) cultivars were collected from China and abroad and inoculated with suspensions of different concentrations of spores from Stemphylium leaf spot and Phoma leaf spot diseases to evaluate the resistance of alfalfa to these two leaf spot diseases and identify the optimal inoculation concentration. The disease indices of 10 cultivars inoculated with these two fungi gradually increased with concentration increase of the spore suspensions. The appropriate inoculation concentrations for comparing cultivar resistance to Stemphylium and Phoma were 1×105to 1×106spores per milliliter and 1×106spores per milliliter, respectively. With a concentration of 1×106spores per milliliter in the inoculate, the disease indices of Stemphylium leaf spot in forty cultivars ranged from 3.33 to 35.83, while the disease indices of Phoma leaf spot ranged from 13.07 to 52.27. There were significant differences between the 40 cultivars (P<0.05). Fourteen cultivars were found to be resistant to Stemphylium leaf spot, including one highly-resistant cultivar-Gongnong No.2 and thirteen moderately-resistant cultivars. Only one cultivar, Rambler, from America was found to have moderate resistance to Phoma leaf spot.

An evaluation of the resistance of alfalfa cultivars toStemphyliumandPhomaleaf spot diseases

WANG Yu1, LIU Yi1, ZHOU Bin-Bin1, YUAN Qing-Hua1*, ZHANG Li1,2, PAN Long-Qi1,2

1.InstituteofAnimalScienceofCAAS,Beijing100193,China; 2.CollegeofGrasslandScience,GansuAgriculturalUniversity,Lanzhou730070,China

Key words: alfalfa (Medicagosativa);Stemphyliumleaf spot;Phomaleaf spot; disease resistance

紫花苜蓿(Medicagosativa)是全世界最重要的豆科牧草，因其具有品质优良、适口性好、饲用形式多样、饲用价值高和良好的生态效应，被冠以“牧草之王”的美称[1-3]。……