基于文采特征的高考作文自动评分

2016-03-02 08:47:00刘明杨秦兵刘挺
智能计算机与应用 2016年1期

刘明杨 秦兵 刘挺

摘 要:自动作文评分(Automated Essay Scoring,AES)就是让计算机能够对作文进行评估和打分。随着自然语言处理技术的日益成熟,针对中文作文的自动评分成为可能。作文是各种汉语考试中必然要考的科目,国家的中考、高考考生数量巨大,而且近年来中国汉语水平考试(HSK)的考生数目也逐年增多。自动作文评分因其具有效率高、客观性好等特点,因此中文作文自动评分技术的深入研究很有必要,本文对高考作文自动评分进行了深入研究。本文利用作文中的排比比喻修辞以及诗词引用来表征作文的文采,对排比修辞进行了分类总结。提出了启发式的方法来对排比以及比喻修辞手法进行自动识别。利用字典树组织古诗词资源,快速检索作文中出现的古诗词。将文采特征加入到基准系统中,会对作文自动评分的性能有不错的提高。

关键词:高考作文自动评分;排比修辞;字典树

中图分类号:TP391.41 文献标识号:A 文章编号:2095-2163(2015)04-

Abstract: The automated essay scoring is that the computer can evaluate and score the essay .With the great progress of natural language processing ,it becomes possible to evaluate and score Chinese composition by computer .Composition must be tested in a variety of Chinese exams ,and there are so many Chinese student take part in college entrance examination and senior high school entrance examination ,and there are more and more foreign students take part in HSK in recent years .The automated essay scoring is highly effective and objective ,so it is necessary to research on automated Chinese composition scoring. The paper uses parallelism and metaphor to represent the feature of the composition literary ,and summarizes the types of parallelism using .After that, the paper proposes a heuristic method to identify parallelism and metaphor .Using Trie data structure to store ancient poetry resources ,it helps us to retrieve the ancient poetry that appeared in the composition .Adding these features to the baseline system ,the performance of the system has been improved.

Keywords: Automated Chinese Composition Scoring ;The Literary of The Composition ; Trie Data Structure

0 引言

自动作文评分是利用统计、自然语言处理、人工智能等技术对作文进行评估和打分。目前,作文自动评分已逐渐成为自然语言处理研究中的热点问题。在国外已经有多个成熟的作文自动评分系统,而且自动作文评分技术也已经在比如GMAT、托福等大规模国际性英语考试和学生自我评估中得到了广泛的应用。例如:美国ETS(Educational Testing Service)开发的E-rater[1-6]自动作文评分系统1999年用于GMAT作文批阅,于2005年开始用于托福考试的作文评分,另国外成熟的自……

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