心理护理对乳腺癌患者化疗依从性影响的研究

张群

[摘要] 目的 探讨心理护理干预对乳腺癌患者化疗依从性的影响。 方法 选取2014年1月～2015年1月我院收治的110例乳腺癌术后化疗的患者作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将其分为研究组和对照组，各55例，研究组采用针对性心理护理干预，对照组采用常规护理，使用焦虑自评量表（SAS）及抑郁自评量表（SDS）评价心理状态，使用生活质量核心量表（QLQ-C30）评分评价生活质量，综合比较两组患者化疗期间心理状态、化疗依从性及生活质量评分的差异。 结果 护理后研究组SAS、SDS评分分别为（42.63±5.51）、（47.55±6.41）分，均低于对照组的（48.37±6.12）、（53.26±7.42）分（P<0.05）；研究组治疗依从性优良率为94.5%，高于对照组的78.2%（P<0.05）；治疗后研究组在躯体功能、角色功能、认知功能、情感功能及社会功能等方面的生活质量各项评分均优于对照组（P<0.05）。 结论 对乳腺癌化疗患者实施针对性心理护理干预效果确切，可明显改善患者的不良情绪，提高治疗依从性，优于常规护理措施。

[关键词] 心理护理；乳腺癌；化疗；依从性

[中图分类号] R737.9 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2016）02（a）-0160-03

Analysis on the effects of psychological nursing for chemotherapy compliance of patients with breast cancer

ZHANG Qun

Department of Second General Surgery，Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College in Guangxi Provincce，Guilin 541001，China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effects of psychological nursing for chemotherapy compliance of patients with breast cancer. Methods 110 cases of patients with breast cancer after surgery in our hospital were randomly divided into research group and control group，with 55 cases in each group.Both were treated with chemotherapy.The research group was treated with psychological nursing.The control group was treated with conventional nursing care.The self-rating anxiety scale （SAS） and self-rating depression scale （SDS） were used to evaluate mental state.Quality of Life Core Scale （QLQ-C30） was used to evaluate the quality of life.The mental state，chemotherapy compliance and quality of life scores of two groups were compared. Results The SAS，SDS scores of research group after nursing were respectively （42.63±5.51） score and （47.55±6.41） score，which were lower than （48.37±6.12） score and （53.26±7.42） score of control group （P<0.05）.The chemotherapy compliance excellent rate of research group was 94.5%，which was higher than 78.2% of control group （P<0.05）.The physical function，role function，cognitive function，emotional function and social function and other aspects of life quality scores of research group were better than that of control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Psychological nursing for patients with breast cancer is effective.It can effectively improve the patient's negative emotions and improve treatment compliance.It′s better than conventional care measures.

[Key words] Psychological nursing；Breast cancer；Chemotherapy；Compliance

乳腺癌是发生在乳腺上皮组织的恶性肿瘤，其发病率逐年升高，仅次于宫颈癌，且病因尚未完全明确。外科手术在乳腺癌的诊断、分期和综合治疗中发挥着重要作用，术后多辅以放、化疗及激素治疗等手段破坏癌细胞[1]。由于术后体形改变及化疗的毒副作用等，部分乳腺癌患者易出现焦虑、抑郁等心理问题[2-3]。笔者所在科室选取110例乳腺癌术后化疗患者作为研究对象，旨在探讨心理护理干预对乳腺癌患者化疗依从性的影响，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2014年1月～2015年1月我院收治的110例乳腺癌术后化疗患者作为研究对象，入选标准：①均为女性，经术后病理检查确诊为乳腺癌；②患者签署知情同意书；③排除精神病病史、其他恶性肿瘤及严重肝肾障碍等。采用随机数字表法将其分为研究组和对照组，各55例，研究组平均年龄（45.6±7.1）岁，病理类型：浸润性导管癌30例，导管内癌9例，髓样癌6例，其他类型癌10例；……