托烷司琼针、甲氧氯普胺针独用及合用对肿瘤化疗恶心、呕吐的预防效果评价

陈飞　程祺　杨雅雯

[摘要]目的 探讨并评价托烷司琼针、甲氧氯普胺针独用及合用对肿瘤化疗恶心、呕吐的预防效果。 方法 将我院接收的120例肿瘤化疗患者分为3组：对照Ⅰ组、对照Ⅱ组和试验组，对照Ⅰ组、对照Ⅱ组在化疗的同时分别给予单独注射托烷司琼针和甲氧氯普胺针，试验组给予托烷司琼针和甲氧氯普胺针联合使用。3组患者都给予相同的精心护理。 结果 观察3组患者化疗过程中的恶心、呕吐情况，统计恶心、呕吐的预防效果。单独使用托烷司琼针和甲氧氯普胺针以及两者联合使用的预防呕吐的有效率分别为67.5%、60.0%、90.0%；单独使用托烷司琼针和甲氧氯普胺针以及两者联合使用的预防恶心的有效率分别为57.5%、52.5%、80.0%。两者联合使用预防恶心、呕吐有效率明显高于单独使用托烷司琼针和甲氧氯普胺针，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），而两者单独使用之间比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论 托烷司琼针联合甲氧氯普胺针能够有效的预防肿瘤化疗时出现的恶心、呕吐现象，效果明显优于两者单独使用，临床上具有重要的意义。

[关键词]托烷司琼；甲氧氯普胺；化疗；副作用；恶心；呕吐

[中图分类号] R73 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616（2015）24-48-03

[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the effect of tropisetron combined with metoclopramide and use alone in preventing nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy. Methods 120 cases of tumor patients with chemotherapy were divided into three groups， control groupⅠ， control groupⅡ and experimental group. Control groupⅠ was given injection tropisetron separately， control groupⅡ was given injection metoclopramide separately， and tropisetron combined with metoclopramide was applied in experimental group. The effect of tropisetron combined with metoclopramide and used alone in preventing nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy were observed. Results The efficacy rate was 90% in experimental group， 67.5% in control group Ⅰ and 60% in control group Ⅱ and the efficacy rates of preventing nausea were 80%， 57.5% and 52.5%. The efficacy was significantly superior in the experimental group than those in control groups I and control groupⅡ （both P<0.05）. Conclusion It is effective to prevent nausea and vomiting using tropisetron combined with metoclopramide during chemotherapy， and the effect is better than that of each drug applied alone. There is significance in clinical treatment.

[Key words] Tropisetron； Metoclopramide； Chemotherapy； Side effects； Nausea ； Vomiting

癌症是当今威胁人类健康的头号杀手，而化疗是临床上应用最重要的针对恶性肿瘤的治疗手段之一，但化疗过程中伴发的恶心呕吐等副反应却是影响化疗方案完成的重要因素，成为化疗过程中患者和医师不得不重视的一个方面[1]。近些年临床上不断出现了新的抗呕吐药物，一定程度上减轻了患者在接受化疗过程中的恶心呕吐等副反应，但仍存在较大量的患者因较重的恶心呕吐反应而中断方案[2]。……