沈悦,李阳(西安理工大学,陕西西安 710048)
南水北调工程水资源生态补偿研究——以丹江口水库为例
沈悦,李阳
(西安理工大学,陕西西安710048)
ABSTRACT:The Danjiangkou reservoir P1ays an imPortant ro1e in the South to North Water Diversion Project,so the research of water resources eco1ogica1 comPensation in Danjiangkou reservoir basin is of great significance. This PaPer first introduces the PrinciP1e and the comPensation mechanism of the eco1ogica1 comPensation in Danjiangkou water source area,and Puts forward the quantitative method of eco1ogica1 comPensation of water resources,and based on the conditions of the Danjiangkou reservoir,an in-dePth ana1ysis is conducted. The conc1usions of the ana1ysis are as fo11ows:the hydroPower deve1oPment Party,the centra1 government and 1oca1 government shou1d be the main eco1ogica1 comPensation subject,whi1e the main eco1ogica1 comPensation objects inc1ude the 1ake and river ecosystem and resett1ement. The current Danjiangkou reservoir shou1d adoPt the fifth kind of the eco1ogica1 comPensation standard scheme,and the eco1ogica1 comPensation standard is 36.26×108yuan/a.
KEY W0RDS:South to North Water Diversion Project;water resources;eco1ogica1 comPensation;Danjiangkou reservoir
摘要:丹江口水库在南水北调工程中起到了举足轻重的作用,其流域水资源生态补偿研究具有重要的意义。首先介绍了丹江口水源区生态补偿的原则与补偿机制模式,在此基础上提出量化的水资源生态补偿计量方法,以丹江口水库为依托进行分析研究。得出以下结论:丹江口水库主要的生态补偿主体包括水电业主部门以及各级中央及地方政府,主要生态补偿对象包括湖泊与河流生态系统和移民安置。其中第5种生态补偿方案适合目前丹江口水库运行模式,其生态补偿标准为51.04亿元/a。
关键词:南水北调工程;水资源;生态补偿;丹江口水库
南水北调工程是一个大型调水工程,其功能主要是缓解北方地区缺水问题、改善水资源优化配置,它对促进北方地区的水资源生态系统发展,保护经济和社会可持续发展将发挥巨大的作用。然而,丹江口水库的修建给上游水源地带来了一系列不利影响。例如,常年调水量大导致汉江中下游生态环境遭受破坏;枯水期水量减少,对汉江流域取水、航运等造成一定影响;丹江口水库蓄水导致上游水位上升淹没大量生活用地,因此丹江口水库工程沿线需要开发土地安置迁移当地居民;以及丹江口水库流域水源地水质污染、水质下降等问题突为严重。因此对丹江口水库水源地生态补偿研究具有重要的意义[1-3]。……