基于声线跟踪法的空气中超声波声场仿真*

朱闪闪　杨　涛

(西南科技大学信息工程学院特殊环境机器人技术四川省重点实验室　绵阳　621010)



基于声线跟踪法的空气中超声波声场仿真*

朱闪闪杨涛

(西南科技大学信息工程学院特殊环境机器人技术四川省重点实验室绵阳621010)

摘要针对空气中超声检测存在人力计算复杂、算法验证困难的问题,提出一种基于声线跟踪法的空气中快速超声检测仿真平台。利用CAD软件对目标对象三维建模,以STL文件格式导入OpenGL环境中,完成了STL模型的读取和重绘。遍历搜索目标对象反射面上的反射点,采用声线跟踪法根据超声波在空气中的传播模型和斯奈尔定律确定反射声线,接收阵元上不同声线的声压叠加得到超声波接收阵元在发射信号驱动下的回波响应信号。仿真结果与理论分析相吻合,为空气中超声检测相关算法的研究提供了基础。

关键词声线跟踪法; 三维建模; 声压叠加

Simulation of Ultrasonic Sound Field in the Air Based on Ray Tracing Method

ZHU ShanshanYANG Tao

(Key Lab of Robot Technology Used for Special Environmental of Sichuan Province,School of Information Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010)

AbstractSince human computation is complex and algorithm verification is difficult for ultrasonic testing in the air, a rapid ultrasonic testing simulation method in the air based on tracing method is proposed. The proposed method utilizes CAD software for three-dimensional modeling of the target object, imports the OpenGL environment under the Microsoft Visual Studio C++ by STL file format, completes the reading and redrawing of STL models. Then, it traverses the reflection points of the target object reflective surfaces, adopts ray tracing law to identify the reflective sound ray according to ultrasonic wave propagation model in the air and Snell’s law, superposes the pressure of sound ray, obtains the echo response signal of ultrasonic receiving array driving by the transmitting signal from different sound ray pressure of superposition on receiving array. Simulation results coincide well with theoretical analysis, and provide the foundations to research ultrasonic testing in the air and related algorithms.

Key Wordsray tracing method, three-dimensional modeling, sound pressure of superposition

Class NumberTG115.28

1引言

超声检测因成本低、方向性好、穿透力强、不受电磁辐射影响等优点广泛用于工业生产和日常生活中。特别是在大雾、雨雪、强辐射等恶劣环境中,超声波更表现出其独有的优势。

随着计算机技术的发展,超声检测仿真和可视化的研究也逐步深入。目前,超声波仿真和可视化方面的研究主要是利用二维分布图形对换能器发射声场的计算仿真,对声场三维仿真及可视化的研究相对比较少。通过解析法[1]和数值法[2]等数学建模方法建立超声检测系统的模型。数值法主要包括有限元(FEM)[3]、边界元(BEM)[4]、时域有限差分(FDM)[5]等为代表的波动声学方法,求解精