白建华 宋连久 朱桂丽


摘 要:西藏农业效率的高低关系到西藏农业经济的发展速度。本文基于投入导向的DEA-CRS模型和DEA-VRS模型,并引入DEA超效率模型,对西藏农业效率进行了实证分析。采用西藏2002—2013年统计数据进行纵向分析,结果显示,农业效率基本呈逐年递增的趋势;对西藏7个地(市)农业效率进行横向分析发现,日喀则、那曲、林芝农业效率均达到DEA有效,其次是拉萨、昌都、山南,阿里农业效率值最低;投影分析证实,非DEA有效地区在耕地面积、从业人员、农业机械总动力、农用化肥施用量等农业投入中都存在不同程度的浪费,无产出松弛。最后,提出相应的政策建议。
关键词:西藏;农业;效率;DEA
中图分类号:F327 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.05.024
Empirical Analysis and Improvement Strategy Research of the Efficiency of Tibet Agriculture Based on DEA Model
BAI Jianhua, SONG Lianjiu, ZHU Guili
(Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College of Tibet University, Linzhi, Tibet 860000, China)
Abstract: Tibet agricultural efficiency is related to the speed of development of agricultural economy in Tibet. Based on input oriented DEA-CRS,DEA-VRS and DEA super efficiency model, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the efficiency of Tibet agriculture. A longitudinal analysis using Tibet 2002—2013 statistical data showed that the agricultural efficiency has increased year by year; horizontal analysis on agricultural efficiency of Tibets seven prefectures (cities) and found that, Xigaze, Nagqu, Nyingchi agricultural efficiency reached DEA efficient, followed by Lhasa, Qamdo, Shannan, Ngari agricultural efficiency lowest value; projection analysis confirmed that there are different degrees of waste in the cultivated land area, practitioners, the total power of agricultural machinery, farm fertilizer application amount in non DEA effective area, no output relaxation. At last, this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations.
Key words: Tibet; agriculture; efficiency; DEA
西藏地处我国青藏高原西南部,地理位置偏僻,交通不便,乡村人口所占比例高,尽管近几年来有所下降,但比重仍然偏高,截止2013年底,乡村人口约占西藏总人口的76.29%。在乡村人口中,农民占绝大多数。长期以来,农民主要以从事农业生产为主。截止2013年底,农林牧渔业总产值占农村社会总产值的71.5%。因此,农业是西藏农村的支柱产业,也是西藏的重要基础产业,农业发展的好坏直接关系到西藏人民生活水平的高低和生活质量的改善,而且也会影响到第二、三产业的发展。因此,只有提高农业生产效率,才能释放更多的资源(如劳动力)去从事第二、三产业生产,特别是对近几年发展较快的劳动密集型产业——旅游业影响较大。由此可见,西藏农业效率的研究对农业经济发展具有重要的现实意义。……