高亮



摘 要:目的:探讨健身气功锻炼对老年人抑郁与焦虑症状的影响。方法:采用自编一般人口学调查表、焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表,对200名老年人进行24周健身气功干预前后测查。结果:1)24周健身气功干预能显著降低老年人抑郁、焦虑症状的评分及其检出率,尤其是对老年人焦虑症状的评分及其检出率的改善效果;2)干预周期的时间主效应显著,锻炼周期越长,降低老年人抑郁、焦虑症状评分及其检出率的效果越明显。结论:24周健身气功锻炼能显著降低老年人抑郁和焦虑症状的评分及其检出率,尤其是对老年人焦虑症状的改善,具有周期短、幅度大的效果。建议健身气功可作为一种干预手段用来预防或降低老年人焦虑和抑郁症状,甚至可作为焦虑和抑郁症状的一种治疗手段。
关键词:老年人;抑郁;焦虑;健身气功
中图分类号:G804.8 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-2076(2016)01-0056-04
Abstract:Objective: To discuss the influence of health fitness qigong exercise on the elderly depression and anxiety. Methods: Self-assessment scale, self-made general demographic questionnaire, anxiety and depression self rating scale are used to test 200 elderly before and after 24-week fitness qigong exercise. Results: 1) compared with control group, 24-week fitness qigong exercise can significantly reduce the detection rate and scoring of elderly depression and anxiety, the effect especially obvious for anxiety improvement. 2) The effect of different exercise cycle is different, the longer the intervention, the more obvious the effect. Conclusion: 24-week qigong exercise can significantly reduce symptoms of elderly depression and anxiety scoring and detection rate, with the characteristics of short cycle but a wide range of effect. Qigong is recommended as a treatment for an intervention to prevent, reduce or even treat anxiety and depression of elderly.
Key words: the elderly; anxiety; depression; fitness qigong
抑郁与焦虑都属于负性情绪,是一对相近的概念,但又有一定的区别。抑郁是指个体持久的、相对稳定的情绪障碍;焦虑是一种内心紧张不安,并带有恐惧的情绪状态[1]。在日常生活中,人们都会或多或少地感受到焦虑和抑郁的情绪体验,也有少数人长期处于焦虑或抑郁状态,导致抑郁或焦虑症的产生。近年来,随着人们健康意识的增强,始于20世纪初期探索运动锻炼减少焦虑和忧郁的研究再度受到人们的关注。有研究表明[2],运动锻炼对非临床人群抑郁、焦虑的调节效应在小到中的水平之间,而对临床人群抑郁、焦虑症的调节效应超过了大的水平 ,认为运动锻炼对减少焦虑和忧郁具有良好的效果。……