闫凯莉 韩云 谭廷钢 唐良德 吴建辉


摘 要 通过对水稻生长指标、产量和品质的分析,了解15%多效唑可湿性粉剂对水稻的影响,为生产实践提供理论依据。2012和2013年,用不同浓度的15%多效唑可湿性粉剂在水稻一叶一心期对其进行喷施处理,收获前记录数据并分析。结果发现:不同浓度的15%多效唑可湿性粉剂对秧苗的抑制率为5.92%~16.85%,水稻分蘖率和实际产量增加分别为37.04%~70.37%和5.82%~16.62%。说明多效唑可湿性粉剂对水稻的生长发育有明显的调节作用,能够显著地抑制稻株的生长、促进分蘖和提高产量;15%多效唑可湿性粉剂对水稻品质有所改善,但效果不显著。
关键词 多效唑 ;水稻 ;调节生长 ;产量 ;品质
分类号 S482.8+9 Doi:10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2016.02.015
Effects of 15% Paclobutrazol WP on Growth,Yield and Quality in Rice
YAN Kaili1,2) HAN Yun1,2) TAN Tinggang3) TANG Liangde2) WU Jianhui1)
(1 College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642;
2 Environment and Plant Protection Institute, CATAS, Haikou, Hainan 571101;
3 Agrotechnical Station of JiulongTown, Yingde City of Guangdong Province, Qingyuan, Guangdong 510642)
Abstract The study was carried out to investigate the effects of 15% paclobutrazol WP on rice growth, yield and quality, As to provide theoretical basis for production practice. A series of concentrations of 15% paclobutrazol WP were sprayed at 1-leaf stage, record data and analysis before harvest in 2012 and 2013. Results showed that 15% paclobutrazol WP the features of growth such as tillering and quantity significant increased while plant height reduced after using different concentrations of 15% paclobutrazol WP. Compared with the control, the rate tillering and reproduction increased individually 37.04%~70.37% and 15.82%~16.62%, but plant height reduced 5.92%~16.85%. Therefore,the quality of rice such as brown rice, polished rice, chalkiness degree, chalkiness percentage, amylose content and crude protein has been improved at small degree.
Keywords paclobutrazol ; rice ; regulating growth ; production ; quality
水稻是世界主要粮食作物,是全球近50%人口的主要食物来源,因此水稻生产对保障全球粮食安全具有至关重要的意义[1-2]。随着全球人口的激增,提高水稻产量成为亟待解决的关键问题。中国华南地区是水稻的主要种植区,水稻的产量问题也引起广泛关注[3]。单位面积穗数是水稻产量构成要素之一,主要取决于分蘖发生数量与成穗率高低。促进水稻分蘖是当前提高水稻单产的有效方法[4]。多效唑是一种高效低毒的植物生长延缓剂和杀菌剂,具有调节植物生长、抑制茎秆伸长、促进分蘖、提高产量和增强抗逆性等多种作用[5],且多效唑具有用量少、成本低、效果好等优点,在园艺作物和农作物生产中得到大面积的应用[6-8]。研究表明,喷施多效唑可通过增加分蘖数和成穗数而提高作物产量[9-11],也可降低株高,提高作物抗倒伏程度[12-13]。……