祁小妮 马晓红 李振亮 党金宁



摘要:【目的】優化丹参多糖提取的柔化工艺参数,并分析其抗氧化活性,为丹参多糖产品的研发提供参考依据。【方法】以液料比(A)、浸提温度(B)、浸提时间(C)为自变量,以丹参多糖提取率(Y)为响应值,采用3因素3水平的响应曲面分析法优化丹参多糖提取工艺,同时测定丹参多糖对羟基自由基的清除能力。【结果】建立的丹参多糖提取二次多项回归方程为:Y=1.94-0.041A-0.056B+0.022C-0.046AB+0.13AC-0.03BC-0.24A2-0.75B2-0.44C2,其中浸提温度与浸提时间的交互作用对丹参多糖提取率影响显著(P<0.05)。丹参多糖提取的最佳柔化工艺条件为:液料比25∶1(mL/g)、浸提温度75 ℃、浸提时间90 min,在此条件下多糖提取率为1.94%,与预测值1.97%接近。丹参多糖对羟基自由基有明显的清除能力,且随多糖质量浓度的增加而逐渐增强;丹参多糖质量浓度为4.5 mg/mL的清除率最高,为42%。【结论】采用响应曲面法优化的提取柔化工艺参数准确可靠,可用于丹参多糖提取;丹参多糖具有一定的体外抗氧化能力,可作为食品及医药行业的天然抗氧化剂资源进行开发利用。
关键词: 丹参;多糖;响应曲面;抗氧化活性
中图分类号: R284.2 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2095-1191(2016)11-1926-06
Abstract:【Objective】Diffusion process parameters in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge polysaccharide extraction was optimized and antioxidant activity was analyzed, in order to provide reference basis for development and research of S. miltiorrhiza polysaccharide products. 【Method】With liquid to material ratio(A), extraction temperature(B) and extraction time(C) as independent variable, extraction rate of S. miltiorrhiza polysaccharide(Y) as response value, extraction process of S. miltiorrhiza polysaccharide was optimized using response surface methodology with three factors and three levels. Meanwhile, scavenging effects of S. miltiorrhiza polysaccharide on hydroxyl radical were measured. 【Result】The quadratic multinomial regression equation of S. miltiorrhiza polysaccharide extraction was presented as follows: Y=1.94-0.041A-
0.056B+0.022C-0.046AB+0.13AC-0.03BC-0.24A2-0.75B2-0.44C2. The interaction of extraction temperature and extraction time had significant influence on S. miltiorrhiza polysaccharide extraction(P<0.05). The optimal diffusion process condition was as follows: liquid to material ratio 25∶1(mL/g), extraction temperature 75 ℃, extraction time 90 min. Under such condition, polysaccharide extraction rate reached 1.94%, which was close to the expected value 1.97%. S. miltiorrhiza polysaccharide had obvious scavenging effects on hydroxyl radical, and the scavenging effects strengthened as mass concentration of polysaccharide increased. The scavenging effects reached maximum(42%) when mass concentration of polysaccharide was 4.5 mg/mL. 【Conclusion】The diffusion process parameters optimized by response surface methodology are reasonable and reliable, which can be used in extraction process of S. miltiorrhiza polysaccharide. S. miltiorrhiza polysaccharide enjoys certain in vitro antioxidant activity and can be developed as natural antioxidant in food and pharmaceuticals indusrties.
Key words: Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge; polysaccharide; response surface methodology; antioxidant activity
0 引言
【研究意义】丹参(Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge)又称赤参、紫丹参、红根,为唇形科鼠尾草属植物,具有缓解疼痛、祛除瘀堵、活络经脉等功效(刘伟等,2015),对于治疗心脏病、高血脂、高血压等常见临床病症具有显著作用(石亚飞等,2014)。丹参含有黄酮苷类、酚酸类、多糖类等物质(张金涛和于敏佳,2011;董顺福等,2013;姚慧娟等,2015),已有研究表明丹参多糖具有一定的抗氧化活性(刘振亮等,2013)。因此,研究丹参多糖提取工艺,对其药用开发与利用具有重要意义。【前人研究进展】目前,已有不少学者对丹参多糖提取工艺进行研究。巩健(2015)采用响应面优化复合酶法提取白花丹参多糖工艺,得到最佳工艺条件为:复合酶添加量8.0 mg/mL、液料比45∶1(mL/g)、酶解温度52 ℃、酶解时间70 min,在此条件下多糖提取率为13.36%;张海容等(2015)在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面法优化超声波提取丹参多糖工艺,结果表明,在超声功率90 W、超声温度50 ℃、液固比55∶1的条件下提取30 min、提取2次,丹参多糖提取率为8.23%;……