全液压制动系统双回路制动阀仿真与实验研究

胡波　张振东　王小燕

摘要：

分析了双回路制动阀的动态工作过程，探讨了双回路制动阀上、下阀芯对其前、后桥输出口的遮盖量对动态工作特性的影响.基于AMESim液压/机械多场耦合仿真平台建立了双回路制动阀的仿真模型，研究了遮盖量变化对制动压力输出特性的影响规律以及单回路制动安全性能.搭建了全液压制动系统的实验台架，对具有不同遮盖量的制动阀样品的制动性能进行了实验对比测试.实测结果表明：遮盖量与制动空行程成正相关，与前、后桥的最大制动压力成负相关；双回路制动阀的前、后回路相互独立，当其中一条回路失效时，另一条回路仍能正常工作.实验结果与仿真结果具有良好的一致性，验证了该仿真模型的有效性.

关键词：

全液压制动系统； 双回路制动阀； 遮盖量； AMESim仿真； 制动压力输出特性

中图分类号： TH 137.52+1文献标志码： A

Abstract：

The dynamic movement process of dual circuit braking valve was analyzed.The influence of the overlapping lengths between the upper core and the rear output port as well as the lower valve core and the front output port on its dynamic characteristics was investigated.According to the simulation model of dual circuit braking valve built by AMESim software，the effects of overlapping length on the braking output pressure characteristics and the safety of single circuit brake valve were studied.The experimental bench with a full hydraulic braking system was established to determine the braking valves output characteristics with different overlapping lengths.The experimental results showed that there were positive correlations between overlapping lengths and the length of braking spare travelling process.And the overlapping lengths were negatively correlated with the maximum output pressure.Each circuit could work independently.Therefore，when one circuit lost efficacy，the other could work well.The experimental results were consistent with the simulation results，which verified the great validity of the simulation model and its simulation method.

Keywords：

full hydraulic braking system； dual circuit hydraulic braking valve； overlapping length； AMESim simulation；brake pressure output characteristics

全液压制动系统具有制动力矩大、制动灵敏、稳定性强的特点，与气液制动系统相比具有显著的性能优势，已成为工程机械制动系统的主流发展趋势.由于目前国内并未完全掌握全液压制动系统的核心技术，仍依靠国外进口的系统元件，造成系统成本昂贵、升级困难.因此，实现全液压制动系统元件的国产化非常重要.双回路制动阀作为全液压制动系统压力输出的控制元件，其性能的优劣直接影响车辆制动的安全性.目前国内学者只对国外双回路制动阀样品的动、静态特性进……