如何提升政府的透明度：新加坡的做法和启示

邓剑伟　张　琰

(北京理工大学管理与经济学院　北京 100081；陆军航空兵学院基础部　北京 101123)



如何提升政府的透明度：新加坡的做法和启示

邓剑伟张琰

(北京理工大学管理与经济学院北京 100081；陆军航空兵学院基础部北京 101123)

[关键词]电子政务；政府透明度；公众参与；经验借鉴

[摘要]提升政府透明度是建设“服务型”政府的要求和目标，有助于预防腐败现象的发生，提高公众的参与程度和满意度。新加坡是世界上政府透明度最高的国家之一，拥有一流的电子政务平台以及最为清廉的公务员队伍。我国与新加坡同处亚洲和儒家文化圈，都是后发展国家，新加坡的经验值得我们学习借鉴。本文首先对政府透明度进行了理论层面的研究，构建了政府透明度理论分析框架。其次，以理论分析框架为指导，从政党和执政者、政策法规、社会文化、公众的素质和能力、平台建设五个方面分析了新加坡提升政府透明度的做法。最后，文章总结了新加坡对我国建设透明政府的启示，即完善信息公开法律，确保法律的执行；培育社会文化，提供隐性支持；鼓励公众参与，提升参与能力；推进电子政务建设，丰富沟通参与渠道。

Abstract：Enhancing government transparency is the requirement and goal of building service oriented government, which can help prevent the phenomenon of corruption, improve the degree of public participation and satisfaction. Singapore is one of the countries with the highest government transparency in the world. It has a first-class e-government platform, as well as the most honest civil servant team. China and Singapore are located in the Confucian cultural cirde, and both are post-development countries, the experience of Singapore ia wothy of our reference and study. Firstly, this paper makes a theoretical analysis of government transparency, and constructs the theory framework of government transparency. Secondly, it analyzes the practice of improving the transparency of government in Singapore based on the theoretical framework. The practice includes five aspects: party and leader, the policy, the social culture, the quality and the ability of the public, and the platform construction. Finally, summarizing the experience of building a transparent government in China. That is to improve the information disclosure law, ensuring the implementation of the law; foster social culture to provide implicit support; encouraging public participation, improving participation ability; promoting the construction of e-government, enriching communication channels of participation.

引言

美国联邦原最高法院法官路易斯·布兰代斯(Luis Brandeis)曾经说过：“阳光是最好的防腐剂，路灯是最好的警察。”[1]。公开透明可以加强对政府的监督，增进政府与公众之间的互动，增强公众对政府的信任感。20世纪90年代末，新加坡开始运行新的国家信息化推进机制，并逐步将电子信息技术引入政府机构，用以提高政府工作效率，提升政府透明度。……