医教结合模式下普及眼保健知识对儿童视觉发育的影响

魏　宁，童梅玲，王　晶，吴广强，吴兴香，王禹曈，薛子颖



·调查研究·

医教结合模式下普及眼保健知识对儿童视觉发育的影响

魏宁1，童梅玲1，王晶2，吴广强1，吴兴香1，王禹曈1，薛子颖1

1Department of Children Healthcare, Nanjing Maternity and Children Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China;2Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China

Correspondence to:Mei-Ling Tong. Department of Children Healthcare, Nanjing Maternity and Children Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China. meilingtong111@126.com

Received：2016-04-05Accepted：2016-07-01

•AIM:To study the Influence and outcomes of eye healthcare information teaching for the visual development of children under “combination of medicine and education” in kindergartens.

•METHODS:The children(5-6 years old) were randomly selected from 6 kindergartens in Nanjing，3 in Yuhua District as the experimental group，and the other 3 in Jianye District as the control group．A one-year follow-up was conducted to evaluate the difference of visual development, including the rate of low vision, rate of referral caused by refractive abnormality, rate of astigmatism, the average of the equivalent spherical lens and the rate of lacking physiological hypermetropia, between the experimental group and the control group children．

•RESULTS: One school year later，the rate of low vision, rate of referral caused by refractive abnormality and the rate of astigmatism, were significantly lower (P<0.05)in the experimental group under the mode of “combination of medicine and education”, which were also lower than those before experiment(P<0.05). The average of the equivalent spherical lens of experimental group increased and the rate of lacking physiological hypermetropia decreased significantly, compared with the control group(P<0.05) and with those before experiment(P<0.05)．

•CONCLUSION:Using “combination of medicine and education” eye health care model，is good for children’s visual development，so as to reduce the rate of low vision and delay the occurrence of myopia．

Citation:Wei N, Tong ML, Wang J,etal. Influence of eye healthcare information teaching for the visual development of children under “combination of medicine and education”.GuojiYankeZazhi(IntEyeSci) 2016;16(8):1531-1533

摘要

目的：在幼儿园中应用医教结合模式普及儿童眼保健知识，研究该模式对儿童视觉发育的影响并评价其效果。

方法：在南京市雨花区随机抽取3所幼儿园大班儿童(5～6岁)作为试验组，应用医教结合模式普及儿童眼保健知识；另在南京市建邺区随机抽取3所幼儿园大班儿童(5～6岁)为对照组。两组进行为期一学年的对照研究，分析试验组与对照组儿童的视力低常率、屈光偏离转诊率、散光患病率、等效球镜度数均值、生理性远视不足比率等指标有无差异。

结果：一学年后，医教结合模式下的试验组儿童视力低常率、屈光偏离转诊率、散光患病率与对照组比较均明显降低，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)，与试验前比较亦有明显降低，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；试验组儿童等效球镜均值增加，生理性远视不足比率降低，与试验前及对照组比较均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：应用医教结合模式普及儿童眼保健知识对于促进儿童视觉的正常发育，降低视力不良发生率，延缓近视发生有着积极意义。

关键词：视力；医教结合；儿童眼保健

引用：魏宁，童梅玲，王晶，等.医教结合模式下普及眼保健知识对儿童视觉发育的影响.国际眼科杂志2016;16(8):1531-1533

0引言

视力不良又称为视力低常，指对数视力表检查裸眼视力低于5.0[1]。视力不良已成为严重影响儿童身心健康的社会公共问题[2]，中国近视发病率较高，尤其是近年来学龄前儿童近视发病率明显增高，而学龄前儿童视力的下降与学龄期儿童视力的下降有密切关系[3]。……