冰镇液口腔护理加口腔喷雾对预防乳腺癌化疗患者口腔黏膜炎的作用

何建群　方　珍　吴　燕　施　勇浙江省丽水市人民医院胃肠外科，甲状腺乳腺外科，浙江丽水　323000

冰镇液口腔护理加口腔喷雾对预防乳腺癌化疗患者口腔黏膜炎的作用

何建群方珍吴燕施勇▲
浙江省丽水市人民医院胃肠外科，甲状腺乳腺外科，浙江丽水323000

目的探讨冰镇液口腔护理加喷雾法对预防乳腺癌化疗患者口腔黏膜炎的作用。方法选取本科2014年9月～2015年12月乳腺癌化疗口腔护理患者80例，分为对照组和实验组各40例。对照组采取传统的口腔护理法进行口腔护理；实验组将口腔护理液冰镇后（放入2℃～8℃冰箱内冷藏保存）进行口腔护理，再用口腔护理液进行全口腔喷雾。观察两组进行口腔护理后患者口腔菌斑指数、牙龈指数、口腔真菌感染和口腔黏膜炎分度情况。结果两组口腔真菌感染率比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；两组患者菌斑指数、牙龈指数及口腔黏膜炎分度比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。结论口腔护理液冰镇后使用及使用口腔护理液喷口腔能有效预防乳腺癌化疗患者的口腔黏膜炎发生率，能明显降低口腔黏膜炎分度。

乳腺癌化疗；口腔护理；冰镇；口腔喷雾

［Abstract］Objective To discuss the effect of iced mouth care so1ution p1us mouth spray on prevention of ora1 mucositis in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.Methods A tota1 of 80 breast cancer patients receiving mouth care after chemotherapy in our department from September 2014 to December 2015 were se1ected and equa11y divided into the contro1 group and the study group.Patients in the contro1 group were given conventiona1 mouth care，whi1e patients in the study group were given mouth care by iced mouth care so1ution（preserved under 2℃-8℃）p1us who1e mouth spray. The ora1 p1aque index（PLI），gingiva1 index，ora1 funga1 infection，and ora1 mucositis degree were compared after mouth care.Results There was no significant difference in ora1 funga1 infection rate between two groups（P＞0.05）.There were significant differences in PLI，gingiva1 index，and ora1 mucositis degree between two groups（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）.Conclusion Iced mouth care so1ution p1us mouth spray can effective1y prevent the incidence of ora1 mucositis and reduce the degree of ora1 mucositis in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.

［Key words］Breast cancer with chemotherapy；Mouth care；Iced；Mouth spray

化疗后口腔黏膜发生的炎症性和溃疡性反应称为口腔黏膜炎（ora1 mucositis，OM），临床表现为轻度不适、红斑、痛性红斑、水肿和溃疡，严重者还会影响进食和吞咽困难。OM不但影响患者的生活质量，导致营养不良，很大程度上影响了患者对化疗的依从性，严重时可导致化疗的中断。化疗患者OM发生率高，还可诱发腮腺炎、中耳炎或全身严重感染等并发症，是化疗所致的一种最常见的不良反应，发生率达40%～76%［1-4］。……