陈金永 师希望 牛庆芳 魏剑伟 李铁英 赵燕霞



摘 要:依据宋代《营造法式》,设计了4种试验用宋式木构足尺及比例模型并确定了相应的屋盖形式;因屋面瓦和铺衬在雨雪天吸水而使屋盖重量加大,提出了考虑使用期和施工期不同工况计算屋盖重量;分析了《营造法式》中黄松与华北落叶松的关系,引入应县木塔柱轴力并与实际计算的屋盖重量对比,初步推定了《营造法式》中各材等间按照确定的相似准则在荷载效应上存在对应关系。结果可为计算宋式类似木构屋盖重量提供借鉴,为进一步探索材份制中的相似关系和木结构模型相似系数提供参考。
关键词:材份制; 木构; 屋盖自量; 工况; 相似准则
中图分类号:TU366.2
文献标志码:A文章编号:1674-4764(2016)05-0027-07
Abstract:Combined with " Ying Zao Fa Shi", the size of the four type of song dynasty wooden components and related contents in the design of the roof are introduced. On the basis of the facts that the weight of roof became heavier because of rain and snow, a method of calculating the weight of the roof was proposed under different cases considering construction and using period. The simplified method of working condition combined with the calculation results was put forward. The relationship between yellow pine and larchen had been clear. There was a corresponding relationship in the load effect between the various modular. The results would provide reference for calculating similar wooden roof weight , and further exploring the similarity relation in CaiFen system and model tests.
Keywords:CaiFen modular system; wooden structure; weight of the roof; working condition; similarity criterion
现存为数不多的宋式木结构古建筑以其悠久的历史、丰富的文化和艺术内涵而成为中华民族和世界的宝贵文化遗产。利用缩尺模型研究中国古建筑木结构可从根本上实现对历史文物的保护,而联系结构实体与缩尺模型关系的相似系数必然成为研究的关键。
近年来,诸多学者对相似关系进行了深入的研究并取得了丰富的成果。文献[1-3]分别对相似理论在门式起重机、拟动力试验和摩擦摆隔震振动模型中进行了探索;文献[4-6]基于相似理论分别对不同形式的复合地基、刚性桩抗震性能及岩石爆炸成坑效应开展了试验研究;文献[7]利用相似关系分析了模型试验中材料破坏的时间问题;在其他领域如激光[8,12-13]、有限元软件[9]、应力场[10]、油气分离器[11]的研究也较多。……