工程制度伦理的构建研究

2017-01-13 20:33:29陈雯
昆明理工大学学报·社科版 2016年6期

陈雯

摘 要:工程伦理学需要制度的支持。引入制度伦理,透过价值引导和制度安排使伦理成为工程共同体集体行动的强制性结构,有利于协调好工程活动中的“德”与“得”的关系,引导善的工程目标也带来善的工程产品和工程影响。制度与伦理互动视域下的工程制度伦理构建,就工程伦理制度化建设而言,应加强工程道德立法、发挥工程职业社团与工程伦理章程的作用、建立工程伦理委员会;就工程的制度伦理化建设而言,应包括注册工程师制度中伦理维度的加入,工程项目评价制度中伦理维度的纳入以及完善工程伦理监督机制。

关键词:工程伦理学;制度伦理;工程的伦理制度化;工程的制度伦理化;工程共同体

中图分类号:B82-05文献标志码:A 文章编号:1671-1254(2016)06-0015-07

Abstract:Engineering ethics needs institutional supports. The introduction of institution ethics, the value guidance and institution arrangement will make ethics a mandatory structure for engineering communitys collective action, which is beneficial to coordinate the relationship between “morality” and “profit” in engineering activities, enabling good engineering goals to bring about good engineering products and engineering effects. The construction of engineering institutional ethics from the perspective of the interaction between institutions and ethics is discussed. As for the institutionalization of engineering ethics, we should strengthen legislations on engineering ethics, promote the role of engineering occupation associations and engineering ethical codes, and establish engineering ethics committee. As for the institutional ethics construction of engineering, what should be taken into account is the addition of ethics to the engineer registration system, the engineering evaluation system and the improvement of the engineering ethical supervision mechanisms.

Keywords:engineering ethics; institutional ethics; institutionalization of engineering ethics; ethics of engineering institution; engineering community

当今时代,我国工业化、城市化进程加快,各类工程活动如火如荼地展开,工程伦理学成为学界关注的热点之一。德国当代技术哲学家罗波尔认为,“工程伦理学需要制度的支持”,否则将会“导致伦理协调发生困难以致无效”[1]。当代工程是“工程人”——工程共同体“集体行动的智慧”和“集体智慧的结晶”,集体行动要达到和谐、有序,仅依靠个体道德自律还远远不够。制度伦理是以他律性的外在手段引导工程共同体遵守和践行工程伦理原则,以达到集体行动合伦理性的方式。制度伦理好比一种潜在的契约装置,目的是使行为主体达成共同的善。依托于工程制度伦理,工程共同体中“每一个人的善就包含于一种多边利益结构之中,同时,对每一个人的努力在各种社会机构中的公开肯定,也支持着人们的自我尊严”[2]52。……

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