基于古籍整理的巴豆外用治疗咽痛研究

赖冬梅++张晓轩++欧阳惠欣

摘要：目的 探讨巴豆外用治疗咽痛的规律，为临床提供参考。方法 通过检索《中华医典》中收录的古籍，整理古代文献中巴豆外用治疗咽痛的方法及适应症。结果 经筛选，共纳入巴豆外用治疗咽痛相关的条文35条。其中含咽法适用于病情较轻者；塞鼻法、吹喉法适用于因咽喉肿胀难以张口者，其中咽喉痰多者用塞鼻法，痰少者用吹喉法；烟熏法、催吐法适合病位较深、病情较重者，不省人事者可用催吐法。结论 不同情况咽痛可使用不同巴豆外用方法进行治疗，简便廉验，值得推广。

关键词：中华医典；古籍整理；巴豆；咽痛；外用

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2016.12.010

中图分类号：R276.1；R2-05 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-5304（2016）12-0038-03

Study on External Therapies of Crotonis Fructus for Sore Throat Based on Collation of Ancient Literature LAI Dong-mei1， ZHANG Xiao-xuan1，2， OUYANG Hui-xin1， GUAN Hua-hua1， LAO Ying-rong1， YANG Zhi-min1 （1. The Second Clinical College， Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine， Guangzhou 510120， China； 2. Center for Post-Doctoral Studies， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences， Beijing 100700， China）

Abstract： Objective To explore the regularities of external therapies of Crotonis Fructus for sore throat； To provide references for clinical usage. Methods Ancient literature about methods and indications of external therapies of Crotonis Fructus for sore throat were arranged through retrieval of ancient literature in Zhong Hua Yi Dian. Results After screening， 35 clauses about external therapies of Crotonis Fructus for sore throat were included. The mouthed-containing administration was suitable for mild symptoms； nasal-plugging administration and larynx- blowing administration were suitable for those with difficulty in opening their mouth due to the swollen throat. Someone who had much sputum could use the nasal-plugging administration while less sputum could use the larynx-blowing administration. The smoking administration and emetic administration were suitable for those who were in serious condition， while emetic administration was more suitable for the patients in unconscious. Conclusion Sore throat of different situations can be treated with different external therapies of Crotonis Fructus. The therapies are simple and convenient， cheap and effective， and worth to be promoted.

Key words： Zhong Hua Yi Dian； arrangement of ancient literature； Crotonis Fructus； sore throat； external therapies

巴豆外用治疗咽痛在古籍中多有记载，如明代医籍《圣济总录》载“喉痹……巴豆（一枚和皮以纸裹当中腰截断）上一味，以绵系，分塞左右鼻窍中，熏之，须臾喉通，即取出”，其法可谓简便廉验。然而，因巴豆有毒，即使外用，现代医家亦畏惧。因此，整理挖掘古籍中巴豆外用治疗咽痛的使用指征、使用方

基金项目：广东省科技厅项目（2013B021800246）；广东省中医院扶阳流派传承工作室项目（2013KT1517）；广东省中医院颜德馨膏方工作室（2014年）；广州中医药大学第二临床医学院学生跟师中医学术流派学习活动（2015年）

通讯作者：杨志敏，E-mail：yangyo@163.net

法等信息并用于指导临床，值得研究重视。“九五”国家重点电子出版规划项目《中华医典》[1]是第一部对中医古籍进行全面系统整理而制成的大型电子丛书，收录了中国历代医学古籍约1000部，大致涵盖了截至民国时期的中国医学文化建设的主要成就，是研究历代医家外用巴豆治疗咽痛的良好信息来源。