混合动力汽车再生制动对能耗影响的试验研究

唐国强+徐磊+周舟+王洪荣+张元建

摘 要：基于某地面耦合型油电混合动力汽车，研究再生制动对整车能耗影响，为进一步开发混合动力汽车的制动能量管理策略奠定基础。通过新欧洲驾驶循环（New European Driving Cycle ，NEDC）循环工况再生制动过程分析，研究发动机启停控制、电池荷电状态（State of Charge，SOC）对再生制动回收能量的影响，采用单次NEDC循环工况再生制动能量回收效率来评估再生制动控制策略对整车能量消耗的影响。测试结果表明，再生制动过程发动机的启停控制主要受电池SOC的影响，电池SOC越低，发动机启动时刻越提前，停机时刻越延迟，再生制动回收的能量越多，单次循环工况制动能量回收率越高。

关键词： 混合动力；再生制动；制动能量回收率；控制策略

中图分类号：U467.1 文献标识码：A

Testing Research on the Effect of Regenerative Braking on Energy Consumption of Hybrid Electric Vehicle

The Effect of Regenerative Braking on Energy Consumption of Hybrid Electric Vehicles Research

TANG Guoqiang1， XU Lei1， ZHOU Zhou1， WANG Hongrong1， ZHANG Yuanjian2

TANG Guoqiang1， XU Lei1， ZHOU Zhou1， WANG Hongrong1， OU YangZHANG Yuanjian2

（Vehicle Powertrain Technology R&D Center， China Automotive Engineering Research Institute， Chongqing 401122， China；

2. Jilin University， Changchun City，Jilin Province 130012， China）

Abstract： Based on a certain through the road hybrid vehicle， this paper states some research result about the influence on the energy consumption by braking recycled energy，laying the foundation for the further development of the braking energy management strategy for hybrid electric vehicles. Through the study on the NEDC driving cycle test data， we analyze the effect on the regenerative braking control strategy by engine on/off and battery SOC. This paper also evaluated the effect on the total energy consumption by recycle braking control strategy according to the NEDC data. Study shows that the engine start/stop is influenced by the battery SOC largely， lower SOC value leads to the earlier engine start and larger recycled braking energy. Recycled braking energy can increase energy using efficiency， making contribution to saving energy.Based on a certain through the road hybrid vehicle， this paper states some research result about the influence on the energy consumption by braking recycled energy，In order to lay the foundation for the further development of the braking energy management strategy for hybrid electric vehicles. Through the study on the NEDC driving cycle test data， we analyze the effect on the regenerative braking control strategy by engine on/off and battery SOC. This paper also evaluated the effect on the total energy consumption by recycle braking control strategy according to the NEDC data. Study shows that the engine start/stop is influenced by the battery SOC largely， lower SOC value leads to the earlier engine start and larger recycled braking energy. Recycled braking energy can increase energy using efficiency， making contribution to saving energy.

Key words： hybrid；regenerative braking；braking energy recovery rate；control strategy

通常，汽车制动能量通过摩擦的方式转化为热能消耗在环境中，这不仅造成了资源的浪费，同时也加速了汽车制动系统的过早磨损[1]。汽车再生制动是指汽车在滑行或制动时，将制动产生的机械能转化为电能的形式存储到电池中，同时对驱动轮产生制动力[2]。汽车再生制动技术能有效回收制动能量，减小能量损失。考虑到电机的制动能量回收率和制动稳定性两方面因素，当前的混合动力汽车大都采用再生制动与液压制动相结合的再生制动方案，即在原有液压制动的基础上将电机引入制动系统，使再生制动和液压制动系统协同工作[3]。再生制动控制策略对混合动力汽车的性能有很大的影响[4-10]，制动过程中液压制动力与再生制动力的分配策略及再生制动系统能量回收率的最大化成为电动汽车研究的热点。……