余保华 何刚 李恕洲
摘要:人力资本是促进区域经济增长的关键影响因素,为了增强人力资本对经济增长的持续推动作用,促进区域经济良好发展,运用结构方程模型(SEM)进行实证分析,以中国中东部地区为研究对象,构建人力资本和物质资本对经济增长影响的概念模型,利用中东部地区2003-2015年的数据,借助AMOS软件对模型进行测算。结果表明,人力资本对促进经济增长有明显的正效应,实际的作用强度为0.352,但明显低于物质资本对经济增长(0.591)的促进作用。据此提出了稳定固定资产投资、加强人力资本管理、优化产业结构等建议。
关键词:人力资本;经济增长;结构方程模型;中东部
中图分类号:F127
文献标识码:A文章编号:
16721101(2016)06001006
Abstract:Human capital is the key factor to promote regional economic growth. In order to enhance the continuous stimulus of human capital to economic growth and promote the sound development of regional economy, an empirical analysis of the mid-eastern region of China was conducted using the structural equation model(SEM). The concept model of the impact of human capital and material capital on economic growth was built, using the data in the mid-eastern region of China from 2003 to 2015, which was aided by the AMOS software for calculation. The result shows that human capital has an obvious positive effect on promoting economic growth, the actual effect intensity being 0.352, obviously lower than that of material capital on economic growth which is 0.591. Accordingly, this paper puts forward such suggestions as stabilizing the investment of fixed assets, strengthening the management of human capital and optimizing the industrial structure.
Key words:human capital; economic growth; structural equation model; mid-eastern China
自新世纪以来,国内经济高速增长,各个行业都取得了良好的成绩,此时对于经济增长的动力分析,主要的重心是在物质资本上,但随着知识经济时代的到来,资源和资本慢慢的被劳动者的能力和科学技术所替代,人力资本的重要作用逐渐显现。近年来,国内的经济增长速度明显下滑,2015年中国GDP增长6.9%,创近25年新低,加之全球经济结构、市场结构等深层次问题不断涌现,国际经济增长缺乏动力,外部需求难以很好的拉动我国经济增长,众多的不利因素在国民经济发展中被释放出来[1]。要想增强我国经济的发展动力,人力资本的积累是关键,因此需要格外重视人力资本的促进作用,充分利用人力资本的正效应来推动经济发展。
本文以中东部16个省市[2]作为研究对象,具体为东部10省市(辽宁不在内)和中部地区六省。……