耿秀婷+偶春+陈雨婷+马凯

摘 要:当前我国正处于大力建设“美丽乡村”和“新型农村社区”的重要时期,但散乱差的坟地在广大农村地区随处可见,无法满足乡村对基础服务设施和生态环境的要求,因此建设乡村墓园势在必行。该文在分析乡村墓地现状的基础上,指出了其存在的问题,探讨了如何从用地性质、交通可达性、风水文化上进行科学选址,利用生态化、公园化、人文化等设计理念,统一规划,建设集传统殡葬、园林景观、人文纪念功能于一体的现代生态乡村墓园,并就殡葬改革的推行提出了一些建议,以期为今后乡村墓园建设提供一些参考。
关键词:美好乡村;农村社区;公墓;规划建设;殡葬改革
中图分类号 TU986 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731(2017)07-0003-04
Abstract:At present,China is in an important period of vigorously building“beautiful villages”and “new rural communities”. However,poorly scattered cemeteries can be seen everywhere in the vast rural areas and cannot meet the basic service facilities and ecological environment requirements. Thus the construction of rural cemetery is imperative. Based on the analysis of the status quo of the rural cemetery,this paper points out the existing problems and discusses how to select the site scientifically from the nature of the land,the accessibility of the traffic,Fengshui culture(the geomantic omen),the use of the ecological,park,as well as unified planning and the construction of traditional funeral,landscape,humanities memorial function in one of the modern ecological village cemetery. This paper also puts forward some suggestions on the implementation of funeral reform,with a view to provide some reference for the future construction of the village cemetery.
Key words:Beautiful village;Rural community;Cemetery;Construction;Funeral reform
近些年,从中央到地方对于农村问题高度关注,出台了一系列方针政策。十六届五中全会提出扎实推进社会主义新农村建设,要求建设乡风文明、村容整洁的新农村。2013年,中央一号文件提出要建设“美丽乡村”,加强农村地区生态建设、环境保护和综合整治工作,加快美丽中国的建设步伐。殡葬用地作为乡村建设的重要组成部分,对于美丽乡村的建设有着十分重要的意义。但是,目前广大农村地区普遍存在着坟地零星分布、杂乱无章、随意挤占耕地林地等一系列问题,严重影响了“社会主义新农村”和“美丽乡村”的建设步伐,同时也无法满足人们对自己身后安息之地更高层次的期求。加上近年来,各地政府大力推进“新型农村社区”建设,很多地区的若干行政村被合并在一起,进行了统一规划建设,导致村民远离了自己的宅基地,搬进了农村社区,而其先人坟冢并没有随之迁移,造成清明春节祭祖路途遥远,十分不便。……