针对性护理干预对肾衰竭血液透析患者的影响

陈小荷+郭焕开+曾令玲

[摘要] 目的 研究對于肾衰竭疾病接受血液透析治疗患者提供针对性护理服务的应用效果。 方法 将我院于2015年1～10月间收治51例肾衰竭患者作为对照组，于2015年12月～2016年9月间收治51例患者作为研究组，两组患者均接受定期血液透析治疗，为对照组患者提供一般用药治疗及护理流程，为研究组患者提供针对性护理干预措施，总结两组患者对临床护理服务满意度，比较两组患者生活质量评价、对比两组患者经护理干预前后心理焦虑评价结果。 结果 对照组患者对护理服务满意度为74.51%，研究组为92.16%，研究组患者满意度高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。对照组患者心理情绪、日常活动能力、饮食及生活方式、家庭相处等生活质量指标评分均低于研究组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 为肾衰竭患者提供针对性护理干预措施，大部分患者表示对护理服务满意、焦虑情绪得到缓解、且患者生活状态较好。

[关键词] 肾衰竭；护理干预；生活质量；满意度；焦虑情绪

[中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616（2017）06-93-04

[Abstract] Objective To study the application effect of targeted nursing intervention on hemodialysis patients with renal failure. Methods 51 cases of patients with renal failure cured in our hospital from January 2015 to October 2015 were selected as control group，and they were treated with general medication and nursing process.51 patients cured in our hospital from December 2015 to September 2016 were selected as study group，and they were treated with targeted nursing intervention.All the patients in the two groups were treated with regular hemodialysis treatment.Clinical nursing service satisfaction of the two groups was summaried.Quality of life assessment，evaluation of psychological anxiety before and after nursing intervention of the two groups were compared. Results Nursing services satisfaction of patients in the control group was 74.51%，the study group was 92.16%.Nursing services satisfaction in study group was higher than that in the control group，the results were statistically significant （P<0.05）.The quality of life indicators of the control group，such as psychological emotion， daily activities，diet and lifestyle，family life，were lower than those of the study group，and the results were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion For targeted nursing intervention on hemodialysis patients with renal failure，the majority of patients expresses satisfaction with the nursing service，anxiety eases，and the patients life is better.

[Key words] Renal failure；Nursing intervention；Quality of life；Satisfaction；Anxiety

肾衰竭是各种肾脏病变发展的最后阶段，此阶段患者肾功能处于完全或大部分丧失表现，临床按照病因可将疾病划分为急性肾衰竭及慢性肾衰竭两种类型，急性肾衰竭疾病发展较快，可能因外伤、烧伤等因素导致患者肾脏受到外因侵袭所致功能受损；而慢性肾衰竭意指患者本身存在慢性肾脏疾病，随着病情进展最终恶化出现肾衰竭情况[1-2]。而针对肾衰竭患者主要治疗原则为利尿剂、血液透析方式，血液透析主要利用专用透析仪器将患者体内血液引流至体外、过滤血液中杂质及毒素后再输送回体内，治疗目的包括纠正患者体内水电解质失衡状态，保证机体内环境稳定，但接受血液透析治疗患者干预期间可能引发患者出现并发症，如感染等，因此为患者加强透析期间护理干预措施十分必要[3-4]。……