


【摘要】通过运用VIC模型对漳河上游流域有代表性水文站进行径流模拟,探讨VIC模型在大中型流域的适用性,结果表明:VIC模型在漳河上游流域具有较好的适用性,各站自建站至1986年都具有较好的模拟效果,率定期和检验期Nsc均在70%以上,相对误差控制在2%以内,满足该流域水资源评价与规划要求。
【关键词】漳河上游流域;VIC模型:径流模拟;适用性
Analysis of the VIC model applicability in the upstream of Zhanghe River Basin
Sun Hui-xia
(Gongyi City Reservoir Management CenterGongyiHenan451200)
【Abstract】Through runoff simulation on behalf of the upstream of Zhanghe river basin hydrological station by using VIC model, to investigate the applicability of VIC model in the large and middle scale watershed, the results show that: the VIC model has good applicability in the upstream of Zhanghe River Basin, the station has a good simulation effect site in -1986 years, regular inspection rate and period of Nsc are in the more than 70%, the relative error is controlled within 2%, satisfying the requirement of water resources in the river basin planning and evaluation.
【Key words】The upstream of Zhanghe River;VIC model;Runoff simulation;Applicability
1. 引言
(1)近几年,VIC模型对流域径流模拟已成为热点,如马贺等[1]应用VIC模型对老哈河流域径流模拟;张磊磊等[2]应用VIC模型对三江源地区产汇流模拟;胡彩虹等[3]应用VIC模型对流域径流模拟;金君良等[4]研究VIC模型在西北干旱半干旱地区的应用。本文采用VIC模型对漳河上游流域进行径流模拟,可为漳河上游流域水资源评价与规划提供依据。
(2)深入探讨漳河上游降水径流形成规律,正确把握该区域水资源变化成因,科学预测未来漳河上游水资源变化情况,可为漳河上游水资源的可持續开发利用和生态环境改善提供科学参考,对于促进当地经济持续、稳定和快速发展有十分重大的意义。
2. 研究方法
2.1VIC模型简介
VIC(variable infiltration capacity)模型是由Washington大学、California大学Berkely分校和Princeton大学的研究者基于Wood等人的思想共同研发的一种基于SVATS(Soil Vegetation Atmospheric Transfer Schemes)的大尺度分布式水文模型。基本过程为考虑陆-气间水文收支和能量收支过程、次网格内地面植被类型不均匀性、土壤蓄水能力的空间分布不均匀性、基流退水的非线性和山区地形对降雨和气温的影响[5~6]。VIC模型的参数可分为四类:气象参数、植被参数、土壤参数和水文参数。……