马品磊 陈迪 李雁杰 刘媛存 王莹 甘丹丹



【摘要】根据中国境内古丝绸之路沿线城市的孔庙遗存地点,重点选取了西安、静宁、武威、乌鲁木齐四个城市孔庙作为例证,并以曲阜孔庙为比对原型,分别在建筑布局、结构材料、装饰风格、信仰空间等方面进行实地考察和文献整理,探索孔庙文化西传过程中的融合性与影响力,分析孔庙文化自然衍生的种种可能,为现实中经济文化发展提供参考依据。当然,通过田野调查发现了,孔庙文化衍生的建筑空间与所处地域融合性各异、信仰空间的神圣性衰减等问题,提出在孔庙广泛的文化传播中,不仅要给予还要拿来,应因地制宜融入地域文化,以增强自身文化的亲和力和生存力。
【关键词】孔庙文化;古丝绸之路;建筑遗迹;融合性
【中图分类号】J 0
The ancient silk road along the Confucius temple architectural culture of fusion——Taking Xi'an, Jingning, Wuwei and Urumqi Confucian Temple as examples
Ma Pin-lei1,Chen Di2,Li Yan-jie2,Liu Yuan-cun2,Wang Ying2,Gan Dan-dan2
(1.College of art , Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinanShandong250000;
2.College of art , Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinanShandong250000)
【Abstract】According to the China along the ancient Silk Road city of Confucian Temple relics, selected Xi'an, Jingning, Wuwei, Urumqi four city of Confucian Temple as an example, and the Confucian Temple in Qufu on the prototype, respectively fieldwork and literature in the architectural layout, construction materials, decoration style, belief space and other aspects, explore the fusion of Confucian Temple in the process of the west culture and influence, various possible analysis of Confucian Temple culture naturally derived, provides the reference for the development of economic and cultural reality. Of course, through the field survey found that Confucian Temple culture derived architectural space and the sacred attenuation problem of regional integration, different belief space, proposed in the Confucian Temple in the dissemination of culture widely, not only to give to me, local conditions should be integrated into the local culture, to enhance their cultural affinity and viability.
【Key words】Confucian temple culture;Ancient silk road;Architectural relics;Fusion property
1. 引言
(1)在中國,儒家文化在秦汉时代就已经在政治上确立了统治地位,在吸收佛、道精髓的宋明理学后,在哲学上也确立了自己的正统地位。儒家思想作为中国古代统治思想,对中国意识形态的形成有决定性作用,孔庙作为儒家思想主要代表建筑群,其区位选择、庭院结构、建筑布局、材料运用、景观配置等方面都能够体现儒家文化。
(2)然而,在古丝绸之路开辟之后,中国西北地区出现的众多建筑艺术精品中,深受儒家文化影响的孔庙建筑以其特有的思想意识形态独树少数民族聚居区。这对于各个历史时期儒家文化西传和孔庙文化流变的历史与文化研究具有非常重要的标本作用。……