崔凤 刘健 熊峰
【摘 要】针对重庆市九龙坡区大气污染状况,本文探讨了2015年九龙坡区大气污染物PM2.5的污染现状及原因。结果表明:PM2.5浓度表现为1月最高,9月最低;总体而言,PM2.5浓度呈现冬季高,其它季节较低的季节特征;“十二五”期间,PM2.5污染问题较为严重。在分析了九龙坡区PM2.5污染原因后,本文提出了四点具体防治措施,具有较强的可实施价值。
【关键词】九龙坡区;PM2.5;对策
The Pollution Status of PM2.5 and Corresponding Strategy in Jiulongpo District Chongqing City
CUI Feng LIU Jian XIONG Feng
(Environmental Monitoring Station of Jiulongpo Distict, Chongqing City, Chongqing, Jiulongpo 401329,China)
【Abstract】With respect to the air pollution status in jiulongpo district, Chongqing City, this paper discussed the pollution status of PM2.5 and corresponding reason for the year 2015. Results showed that January showed the highest PM2.5 concentration, while September showed the lowest. Generally speaking, PM2.5 showed high concentration in winter, and low concentration in other seasons. For the period of 12th Five-Year Plan,the pollution problem of PM2.5 was serious. After analyzing the reasons of PM2.5 pollution, this paper presented four preventive methods which showed practicable values.
【Key words】Jiulongpo district; PM2.5; Strategy
0 引言
細粒子(PM2.5)是指空气动力学直径小于或等于2.5微米的细粒物。PM2.5可以进入细支气管(呼吸支气管)和肺泡区,颗粒物上的有毒有害物质可以被血液和人体组织吸收,对人体健康造成影响和危害,粒径越小,比表面越大,越容易吸附其他有害物质,同时也越容易被人吸入支气管和肺部[1]。另外,以PM2.5和近地层臭氧相互交织的复合光化学污染是影响人类健康最重要的杀手[2-4]。重庆位于我国西南部,地形以山地为主,不利于污染物扩散使得大气污染问题比较严重;九龙坡区为重庆市主城九区之一,是重庆市的传统工业大区,环境空气污染问题一直以来是广大人民群众关心的热点问题。
1 九龙坡区PM2.5污染现状
1.1 2015年九龙坡区细颗粒物污染现状
2015年,全区空气中细颗粒物月均浓度范围变化较大,在33~129微克/立方米之间,其中1月浓度最高,9月浓度最低,总体呈现冬季高,其它季节较低的季节特征。从全年变化趋势来看,PM2.5的浓度变化趋势呈现先降低后上升的趋势,具体而言,从1月份最高值逐渐降低至9月份最低值后逐渐上升,期间6-9月略有波动。……