喷施复合微生物肥料对小青菜生产的影响

严德翼 何晓艳 李宇光

摘要[目的]研究复合微生物肥料对小青菜的增产效果，为减少化肥施用提供依据。[方法]以小青菜绿秀91-1为试验材料，采用田间试验分析复合微生物肥料a、复合微生物肥料a灭活基质对小青菜株高、产量的影响。[结果]增施微生物肥料对小青菜株高的改善效果并不明显；增施微生物肥料能极显著增加小青菜产量，比对照处理增产74.6%～133.0%，且比灭活处理增产66.8%，微生物肥料处理比灭活处理对小青菜具有更好的增产效果。[结论]微生物肥料对小青菜的增产效果明显，可在生产中推广应用。

关键词复合微生物肥料；小青菜；生产

中图分类号S634.3文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611（2017）14-0033-02

Abstract[Objective]The yieldincreasing effect of applying compound microbial fertilizer on Brassica chinensis was studied to provide evidence for reducing fertilizer application rate.[Method]Taking Lüxiu 911 as test material， field experiment was carried out to analyze effect of compound microbial fertilizer a and inactivation matrix of compound microbial fertilizer a on plant height and yield of Brassica chinensis. [ Result] The results showed that increasing application of microbial fertilizer couldnt improve Brassica chinensiss plant height obviously；increasing application of microbial fertilizer could significantly increase the yield of Brassica chinensis， compared with the control treatment， yield increased by 74.6%-133.0%， and than inactivation treatment increased by 66.8%， microbial fertilizer had better effect of yield increasing than inactivation for Brassica chinensis.[Conclusion]Yieldincreasing effect of microbial fertilizer was significant.It could be applied in producing.

Key wordsCompound microbial fertilizer；Brassica chinensis；Production

在我国，农业无机化肥的长期大量使用已经对环境构成了较大威胁，主要表现在：一是对地表水和地下水的污染；由于施用无机化肥过多，部分肥料会随地表水流入河流，有的进入海洋，相当一部分进入湖泊和水库，据有关报道，有70%地面水源会受到不同程度的污染。二是对空气的污染；进入农田的氮素在其转化过程中产生的各种含氮气体如N2O、NO、NO2、N2和NH3向大氣迁移，他们或直接参与温室效应，或参与大气化学反应，使臭氧层变薄，紫外线增强，长期下去将对人类生活的空间构成威胁。三是导致水体的富营养化。四是重金属污染和放射性污染。由此可见，施用化肥是造成环境污染不可忽视的一个因素，若依然沿袭旧的施肥方式，大量使用无机化肥，必将会给人类环境留下巨大的隐患[1]。……