基于SNA的公共服务供给中群团组织合作新模式

2017-07-29 07:57:09张骞文刘延海��
长安大学学报·社科版 2017年3期

张骞文 刘延海��

摘要:合作供给是当代公共服务供给的主要趋势,群团组织参与公共服务供给是其自身改革的重要抓手,也是中国情境下构建多元供给机制的关键。为此,本文收集22个群团组织在公共服务供给中的合作关系数据,运用社会网络分析方法(SNA),从网络粘性等3个维度对合作网络结构进行了测度,基于测度结果和案例分析,归纳出群团组织合作的4种模式。研究发现:公共服务供给中群团组织的合作网络粘性适中,各主体在合作网络中所处位置呈“两极分化”特点,党政部门、工会、共青团、妇联以及其他群团组织共同参与是当前最主要的合作模式。基于以上研究结论,给出了建立公共服务清单、构建信息交流平台等政策建议。

关键词:公共服务供给;群团组织;合作网络结构;合作模式;社会网络分析方法

中图分类号:D630

文献标志码:A文章编号:16716248(2017)03006408

The new cooperation model of mass organization in

public service supply based on SNA

ZHANG Qianwen1,2, LIU Yanhai3

(1. School of Politics and Administration,Changan University,Xian 710064,Shaanxi,China;

2.School of Humanities,Xian Jiaotong University,Xian 710049,Shaanxi,China;

3.School of Materials Science and Engineering,Changan University,Xian 710064,Shaanxi,China)

Abstract: Cooperative supply is the main trend of contemporary public service supply, and mass organization involved in public service supply is an important starting point for its reform, but also the key to the construction of multisupply mechanism under Chinese situations. Therefore, this paper collected cooperative relationship data of 22 mass organizations in public service supply. Using social network analysis (SNA), the cooperative network agency was measured from 3 dimensions. Based on measurement results and case analysis, 4 models of mass organization cooperation were summarized. The research shows that cooperative network stickiness of mass organization is moderate in public service supply; the position of all subjects has the characteristic of polarization in cooperation network; joint participation of party and government departments, labor unions, the communist youth leagues, womens federations and other mass organizations is the main model of cooperation at present. Based on the above research conclusions, policy recommendations of the establishment of public service lists and information exchange platforms are proposed.

Key words: public service supply; mass organization; cooperative network agency; cooperation model; social network analysis[GK-2!-2]

有效回應公共服务需求、提升服务质量是当前公共服务实践发展的基本趋势。正如Holzer等所言:“20 世纪70年代以来,在公民外部压力的驱使下,公共部门逐渐将工作重心转移到提供优质服务上。”[1]在中国,提供优质公共服务是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的主要标志,也是全面建成小康社会的重要体现。但是,当前的公共服务供给方式较为单一,政府、企业、社会组织等主体的比较优势未能发挥,通力协作的平台不完善,制约了公共服务质量的提升[2]。为此,2017年1月,国务院印发的《“十三五”推进基本公共服务均等化规划》提出,要建立包括多元供给机制在内的基本公共服务实施机制,积极引导社会力量参与。……

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