黄小平+邓冰湘+曾辉


[摘要]目的 探讨问题为基础的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)在生理学实验教学中的应用模式及应用效果。方法 在2014年11~12月将2013级中西医结合七年制1班50人分为对照组与实验组,每组25人(n=25),分别采用了传统教学法(traditional teaching method,LBL)与PBL教学法进行4个学时的生理学实验教学。课程结束后,通过测试成绩和教育环境评估量表(Dundee ready education environment measure,DREEM)对教学质量及教育环境进行评价。结果 PBL教学组成绩及DREEM量表相应分值及总分均明显高于LBL组(P<0.05)。结论 将PBL运用到生理学实验教学中,可有效改善教育环境,提高教学质量,值得推广。
[关键词]基础的教学法;生理实验教学;教育环境评估量表
[中图分类号] R33 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2017)06(c)-0147-03
[Abstract]Objective To explore the application model and effect of problem-based learning (PBL) in physiological experiment teaching.Methods From November to December 2014,50 students from major of integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine in seven-year in grade 2013 were evenly divided into control group and experimental group,with 25 cases in each group.They were provided with traditional teaching method (LBL) and PBL for four-hour physiological experiment teaching.At the end of the course,the teaching quality and educational environment were evaluated by the test scores and the Dundee ready education environment measure (DREEM).Results The corresponding scores of test and DREEM as well as total score in PBL teaching group were significantly higher than those of LBL group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of PBL to physiological experiment teaching can effectively better the educational environment and improve the quality of teaching,which is worthy of promotion.
[Key words]Problem-based learning;Physiological experiment teaching;Educational environment assessment scale
当今医学教育课程体系可分为三种基本类型:传统的学科课程体系,以问题为基础的( problem-based learning,PBL)课程体系和以器官为系统定位的课程体系[1-2]。其中,PBL教学模式强调学生学习的主动性,以解决问题为中心、多种学习途径相结合,通过学习者的合作来解决问题,从而培养分析问题、解决问题和自主学习的能力[3-4]。该教学方法由于能弥补传统教学中重知识轻能力的弊端[5-6],已成为国际上较流行的一种教学模式[7]。在我国,近年来也有多个院校在医学课程中应用或借鉴了PBL教学模式,并进行了有益的尝试[8-10],但仍未形成成熟的PBL应用模式及有效的评价体系。对生理学理论教学的PBL研究结果表明,PBL促进学生快速有效查询相关文献方法、培养学习能力、提高理解和整合能力以及创新能力等,但经典的PBL需要小班上课,在实施PBL的过程中,完全套用经典的PBL教学法在理论课中势必会受到限制[11]。……