快速康复护理在预防股骨骨折术后深静脉血栓形成中的应用

吴玲玲+++++++陈劲++++++张木春++++++陈芳++++++邓尔倚++++++陈瑜婷++++++李小燕

[摘要] 目的 探究与分析快速康复护理在预防股骨骨折术后深静脉血栓形成中的应用。 方法 选取湛江中心人民医院2014年5月～2016年5月收治的90例股骨骨折手术患者，采取随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组，每组各45例。对照组仅给予常规护理，观察组给予快速康复护理，两组均连续护理1个月。对比两组术后深静脉血栓形成率、住院时间、住院费用、术后疼痛评分、护理满意度及功能独立性评价量表（FIM）评分。 结果 与对照组相比，观察组术后深静脉血栓形成率低，住院时间短，住院费用少，术后疼痛评分低，护理满意度较高，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。与术前相比，两组术后2周、术后1个月、术后3个月FIM评分均升高；与同期对照组相比，观察组评分升高更加显著，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。 结论 快速康复护理能够有效预防股骨骨折术后深静脉血栓的形成，缩短康复时间，提高护理满意度，促进预后。

[关键词] 快速康复护理；股骨骨折；深静脉血栓

[中圖分类号] R47 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2017）06（a）-0166-04

Rapid rehabilitation nursing on preventing the application of the femur fractures of postoperative deep vein thrombosis

WU Lingling1 CHEN Jin1 ZHANG Muchun1 CHEN Fang2 DENG Eryi3 CHEN Yuting1 LI Xiaoyan4

1.The Third Department of Bone Surgery， Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang， Guangdong Province， Zhanjiang 524001， China； 2.Bone Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center， Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang， Guangdong Province， Zhanjiang 524001， China； 3.The Second Department of Bone Surgery， Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang， Guangdong Province， Zhanjiang 524001， China； 4.Operating Room， Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang， Guangdong Province， Zhanjiang 524001， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore and analyze the application of rapid rehabilitation nursing on preventing the deep vein thrombosis after femoral fracture operation. Methods From May 2014 to May 2016， 90 cases with femoral fracture treated in Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang were selected. All the patients divided into the control group and observation group according to the random number table， with 45 cases in each group. The control group was given to routine nursing only， the observation group was given to rapid rehabilitation nursing， all the patients were treated for one month. The postoperative deep vein thrombosis rate， length of hospital stay， hospital expenses， postoperative pain score， the nursing satisfaction and functional independence evaluation questionnaire （FIM） scores of two groups were compared. Results The postoperative deep vein thrombosis rate， the hospitalization expense and postoperative pain score in the observation group were lower， the hospitalization time in the observation group was shorter， and the nursing satisfaction of observation group was higher， compared with the control group （P < 0.05）. The FIM scores of two groups at 2 weeks， 1， 3 months after surgery were higher than those before surgery， and the increase of above index of observation group was more remarkable than that of the control group at the same time （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The rapid rehabilitation nursing can effectively prevent the formation of postoperative deep vein thrombosis after femoral fractures operation， and can shorten the healing time， improve nursing satisfaction， promote the prognosis.

[Key words] Rapid rehabilitation nursing； Femoral fractures； Deep vein thrombosis

深静脉血栓作为骨科患者常见的一类并发症，好发股骨骨折术后，若未能及时有效对深静脉血栓进行处理，易合并出现严重的肺栓塞、脑栓塞甚至是远期的深静脉功能不全，对患者的生命健康造成严重威胁[1]。因此，加强对股骨骨折术后的预防护理工作至关重要，现随着医疗技术的不断发展，发现常规护理仅能满足股骨骨折术后的基本需求，但在预防深静脉血栓形成方面的效果较差[2]。快速康复护理作为一种新型的护理理念，全方面提高护理服务质量，将促进疾病康复作为重点，取得良好的效果，现将结果报道如下：

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取湛江中心人民医院（以下简称“我院”）2014年5月～2016年5月收治的90例股骨骨折手术患者，均在我院行X线或CT检查后确诊，术前查B超无血栓，术后1周左右复查，初中以上文化水平，能够与医护人员有效的交流与沟通；……