肛提肌外腹会阴联合切除术ELAPE治疗直肠癌的效果观察

2017-08-12 22:27:34盛建华李国强
中国现代医生 2017年19期

盛建华 李国强

[摘要] 目的 观察ELAPE术式治疗直肠癌的应用效果。方法 将50例低位直肠癌患者随机分为两组,分别采取ELAPE和传统APR手术方式,对两组患者的平均手术时间、术中穿孔率、CRM阳性率以及术后1年局部复发率情况进行比较。 结果 ELAPE组平均手术时间要长于APR组(P<0.05)。ELAPE组患者术中穿孔率和术后CRM阳性率明显低于APR组(P<0.05)。ELAPE组患者术后会阴部感染、尿潴留等并发症的发生率及术后1年局部复发率与APR组比较无明显的差异(P>0.05)。 结论 ELAPE手术方式是APR术式的提升,可明显减少CRM 阳性率以及术中穿孔率,手术的并发症无明显增多。

[关键词] ELAPE;APR;直肠癌

[中图分类号] R735.37 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)19-0057-03

[Abstract] Objective To observe the application effect of ELAPE in the treatment of rectal cancer. Methods A total of 50 patients with low rectal cancer were randomly divided into two groups. ELAPE and traditional APR were used to compare the average operation time, intraoperative perforation rate, CRM positive rate and postoperative 1-year local recurrence rate between the two groups. Results The mean operative time of ELAPE group was longer than that of APR group(P<0.05). The intraoperative perforation rate and postoperative CRM positive rate in ELAPE group were significantly lower than those in APR group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications such as postoperative perineal infection, urinary retention and postoperative 1-year local recurrence rate between the ELAPE group and the APR group(P>0.05). Conclusion ELAPE surgical approach, which is an improvement of APR operation, can significantly reduce the positive rate of CRM and intraoperative perforation rate, and the complications of ELAPE surgery has no significant increase.

[Key words] ELAPE; APR; Rectal cancer

結、直肠癌是大多数国家最为常见的恶性肿瘤之一,在我国结、直肠癌的发病率占所有恶性肿瘤的第三位,近年来其发病率还在不断的上升,其中我国直肠癌的发病率占所有大肠癌总发病率的60%~70%[1],而低位直肠癌的比例更可达 70%~80%[2]。直肠的长度一般为12~15 cm,通常是将直肠的下1/3 段定义为低位直肠,直至目前低位直肠癌的治疗仍以手术为主。经腹会阴联合切除术(abdominoperineal resection,APR)是距离肛缘5~6 cm的低位直肠癌的经典术式,它是由Miles WE[3]教授于1908 年所描述,Miles WE教授认为低位直肠癌手术切除的范围应该是包括肿瘤本身以及尽可能宽的会阴部组织,还应该包括病变的肠管系膜和肿瘤周围的淋巴结。Miles WE在当时提出这种手术理念至今仍被沿用,并以其名(Miles)作为这一手术方式的代名词,在现代结直肠外科治疗领域中占据重要的地位。然而近年来有许多研究表明,在APR手术后检查所切除组织的环周切缘(circumferential resection margin,CRM ) 肿瘤细胞浸润的阳性率以及术中穿孔(intraoperative bowel perforation,IOP)率等其他的并发症发生率较高[4],局部复发率也比较高。……

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