两种洗浴法对危重症皮肤病患者洗浴治疗效果及不良反应的影响

李成芳

[摘要] 目的 研究两种洗浴法对危重症皮肤病患者洗浴治疗效果及不良反应的影响。 方法 将我院2014年1月～2016年12月收治的92例危重症皮肤病患者随机分为对照组与观察组，观察组46例患者行卧位床上浴袋洗浴，对照组46例患者行浴缸洗浴，对比两组患者的洗浴治疗效果与不良反应发生情况。 结果 观察组治疗总有效率为97.83%，高于对照组的89.13%（P<0.05）。观察组的疼痛加剧、紫绀、胸闷、昏厥及呼吸困难的发生率明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组治疗满意度为97.83%，高于对照组的84.78%（P<0.05）。 结论 对危重症皮肤病患者采用卧位床上浴袋洗浴法可有效缓解患者临床症状，提高治疗效果，降低不良反应发生率，值得临床推广应用。

[关键词] 浴缸洗浴；床上浴袋洗浴；危重症皮肤病；高锰酸钾溶液

[中图分类号] R751 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2017）19-0086-03

[Abstract] Objective To study the effects of two types of bathing methods on bathing curative effect and adverse reactions in the patients with critical skin diseases. Methods 92 patients with critical skin diseases who were admitted to our hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 were randomly divided into control group and observation group. 46 patients in the observation group were given bathing with bathing bags at lying position on bed， and 46 patients in the control group were given bathing in a bath tub. The bathing curative effect and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The effective rate of treatment in the observation group was 97.83%， which was higher than that of 89.13% in the control group（P<0.05）. The incidence rate of increased pain，fainting，cyanosis，dyspnea in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）. The treatment satisfaction rate in the observation group was 97.83%， which was higher than that of 84.78% in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of bathing with bathing bags at the lying position on bed in the patients with critical skin diseases can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms， improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions， which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

[Key words] Bathing in a bath tub；Bathing with bathing bags on bed；Critical skin diseases；Potassium permanganate solution

危重癥皮肤病主要包括重症药疹及大疱性皮肤病，具有病情严重、病势凶险、进展迅速等特点，死亡率较高，预后较差，临床表现主要有全身皮肤大面积水疱、红斑、渗液、糜烂、鳞屑、痂皮等，严重者会出现表皮坏死、松懈、脓疱，呈大面积糜烂及剥落，导致体液与营养物质的大量流失，且容易引发感染及死亡，给患者的健康及生命安全造成严重威胁[1-4]。临床上目前对于危重症皮肤病多采用全身药物洗浴的方法治疗，通过清洁与药物的作用，促进患者康复[5-6]。为了进一步对为危重皮肤病患者的洗浴治疗方法进行分析探讨，本研究对我院2014年1月～2016年12月收治的92例患者进行随机对照研究，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

将我院2014年1月～2016年12月收治的92例危重症皮肤病患者随机分为对照组与观察组，对照组46例患者，其中男24例，女22例；年龄24～87岁，平均44.2±6.9）岁。观察组46例患者，其中男26例，女20例；年龄21～88岁，平均（45.7±6.2）岁。两组患者的性别、年龄及病情等基本资料均无明显差异（P>0.05）。……