高杆白菜粗纤维含量对皖南“香菜”品质的影响

尤逢惠 伍玉菡 万娅琼

摘要[目的]研究高杆白菜中粗纤维含量，为筛选“香菜”加工原料提供参考。[方法]以4个不同地区的高杆白菜品种及来自同一品种的3个品系的高杆白菜为试材，比较了不同品种高杆白菜鲜品粗纤维含量并用质构仪对其硬度进行测定。[结果]JX品种的高杆白菜粗纤维含量最低，为12.63%，LSD法检验得出其与其他3个品种的粗纤维含量差异均显著，且硬度较高，适合加工。以JX作为原料，对其进行处理、倒缸、拌料后装瓶，监测其装瓶后28 d内粗纤维含量，在第4天和第12天出现2个峰值，其硬度曲线随时间变化呈下降趋势。[结论]高杆白菜中粗纤维含量可作为筛选“香菜” 加工原料的依据之一。

关键词 高杆白菜；粗纤维；质构

中图分类号 S609+.2 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2017）03-0077-03

Abstract[Objective] To study crude fiber content in Brassica campestris， and provide reference for screen out raw materials of savoury vegetable. [Method] With 4 varieties from different regions and 3 strains from the same variety as test material， crude fiber content in different varieties of B. campestris were compared， the hardness was measured by texture instrument. [Result] Crude fiber content in JX variety was lowest as 12.63%. There were significant differences of crude fiber content in three varieties tested by LSD method， higher hardness was appropriate for processing. With JX as raw material， by processing， pouring into crock， bottling after mixing， it was monitored that there are two peaks of crude fiber content at the 4th day and 12th day. The hardness curve decreased with time. [Conclusion] Crude fiber content in B. campestris can be used as a basis for screening the processing materials of savoury vegetable.

Key words Brassica campestris；Crude fiber；Texture

高杆白菜（Brassica campestris ssp.chinemsis var.communis），又名长梗白菜，为2年生蔬菜，属十字花科（Brassicaceae）芸薹属（Brassica）植物。它是我国长江中下游地区栽培比较普遍的早熟抗热白菜品种[1]。皖南地区的居民常选用深秋或初冬采摘（经霜打2次最佳）的高杆白菜作为原料进行加工，制成的产品被称为“香菜”“油香菜”，是当地居民多年流传下来的一种通过特殊加工、存储工艺制作而成的家常小菜，因其口感脆韧、香辣可口而深受消费者喜爱。

脆度是酱腌菜感官品质的重要指标之一，有些品种的高杆白菜粗纤维含量较高，导致加工出的“香菜”产品口感绵软、“柴”，严重影响了产品的品质[2]。粗纤维是植物细胞壁的主要组成成分，包括纤维素、半纤维素、木质素及角质等。……