
摘要[目的]明确紫薇绒蚧不同发育阶段的过冷却点和结冰点。[方法]采用数字万用电表和低温培养箱测定紫薇绒蚧1龄若虫、2龄若虫、蛹和雌成虫的过冷却点和结冰点。[结果]紫薇绒蚧不同发育阶段按过冷却点值由低到高依次为2龄若虫、蛹、雌成虫、1龄若虫,分别为(-22.62±0.16)、(-20.85±0.23)、(-17.53±0.22)、(-10.31±0.14) ℃。体液结冰点也以2龄若虫最低,为(-22.12±021)℃;蛹次之,为(-19.43±0.22)℃;雌成虫、1龄若虫结冰点较高,分别为(-16.21±0.16)、(-9.93±0.15) ℃。[结论]紫薇绒蚧的不同发育阶段过冷却点和结冰点均存在显著差异。
关键词紫薇绒蚧;抗寒性;过冷却点
中图分类号S763.36文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2017)17-0129-02
Abstract[Objective] Laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the supercooling point and the freezing point for Eriococcus legerstroemiae. [Method] The supercooling points and freezing points at different stages of E. legerstroemiae were measured by digital multimeter and low temperature incubator. [Result] The supercooling point value of different stage of E. legerstroemiae from low to high were the second instar nymph, pupa, female adult and the first instar nymph in turn, with (-22.62±0.16), (-20.85±0.23), (-17.53±0.22), (-10.31±0.14) ℃, respectively.Freezing points determined revealed that of the second instar nymph was the least, as (-22.12±0.21) ℃; the secondary, (-19.43±0.22) ℃, was the pupa. The female adult and the first instar nymph were last, as (-16.21±0.16) and (-9.93±0.15)℃ respectively. [Conclusion] There is significant difference of the supercooling point and the freezing point for E. legerstroemiae.
Key wordsEriococcus legerstroemiae;Cold hardiness;Supercooling point
作者简介冯聪慧(1967—),女,河南三门峡人,工程师,从事园林植物病虫害防治研究。
收稿日期2017-04-26
低温是重要的胁迫因子,对昆虫有非常重要的影响,不仅可以影响昆虫的发生与分布,还会影响昆虫的生殖与扩散。昆虫也在长期的进化过程中形成了自身适应低温的能力。根据昆虫的生理机制,可将昆虫抗寒性分为耐寒性和耐冻性。耐寒性昆虫通过在越冬前排空消化道内各种晶核物质从而维持虫体的过冷却状态,使之免受冻害。
紫薇绒蚧(Eriococcus legerstroemiae)属同翅目绒蚧科,主要为害紫薇[2]。紫薇(Laberstroemia indice L.)属于千屈菜科紫薇属落叶灌木或小乔木,紫薇适应性强,且其树形优美、花色艳丽、花期长,具有极高的观赏价值,目前已成为我国城市绿化备受欢迎的园林观花树种[3]。近年来随着三门峡市大量引入种植紫薇,紫薇绒蚧也被传入,危害逐年加重[4]。其排泄物能诱发煤污病,对花卉的正常生长发育和观赏造成一定影响[5]。……