王欢 冯飞 姬雄华
[摘要] 延安时期陕甘宁边区农村经济具有很好的发展,本文总结了陕甘宁边区农村经济在发展农业生产、推动农村副业、催生农村集体经济出现三个主要成效,在此基础上,分析了促进陕甘宁边区农村经济发展的土地、劳动力及农村金融因素,并以这些因素为范本,重点归纳了因地制宜制定农业农村经济发展政策、加强党对农村生产事业的领导、完善农村金融体系及大力发展集体经济等对当下农村经济发展有益的启示。
[关键词] 陕甘宁边区;农村经济;农村金融;集体经济
[中图分类号] D231 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1671-0037(2017)5-74-4
Abstract: Therural economyof Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border area during Yanan period had a good development. This paper summarized three main achievements of rural economy in Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border area, including the development of agricultural production, promotion of rural sidelineindustry, and breeding of rural collective economy. Based on that, it analyzed the land, labor force and rural financial factors promoting the rural economic development in the border area of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia, taking these factors as models, summarized on focus theenlightenments that were beneficial to current rural economy development, including formulatingrural economy development policiesadapting to local conditions, strengthening the party's leadership on rural production, improving rural financial system, and vigorously developing collective economy.
Key words: Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border area; rural economy; rural finance; collective economy
1 陜甘宁边区农村经济的发展
延安时期,陕甘宁边区政府对农村经济发展做了最大的努力。实践证明,边区政府采取的正确经济政策,帮助和保障了边区生产工作的发展,使之在农村经济的各方面都取得了巨大的成效,文章从以下方面进行了总结。
1.1 发展了边区农业生产
陕甘宁边区是一个地广人稀,经济与文化皆落后的农村地区。在当时的边区,最可能与最重要的就是发展生产,而根据边区整体的原有环境,在此工作环节中,必须以发展农业生产为中心,因此,在普遍动员广大民众及各群众团体参加农业生产的努力下,边区农业取得了骄人的成绩。一是耕地方面,边区政府通过鼓励和采取开垦荒地的措施,从1936年8 431 006亩的耕地面积扩大到1945年的14 256 144亩,增加了40.86%以上;二是耕地面积的扩大,增加了粮食的收获量,据统计计算,1937年至1945年约增产了92.125%,达到了16 000 000石;……