基层医院小儿手足口病的预防与控制措施的探讨

李桂链

[摘要] 目的 分析小兒手足口病的预防以及控制措施。方法 纳入此研究中的86例研究对象均为我院2016年5～10月期间进行收治的患儿。根据入院治疗先后顺序将其分为观察组（n=43）和对照组（n=43），对照组小儿选择常规预防控制措施，观察组小儿选择综合预防控制措施，观察两组患儿自发病后至症状消失后1周内密切接触的5岁以下儿童的手足口病发病率，比较两组暴露儿童发病率，同时比较两组患儿家属对护理满意度。结果 观察组暴露儿童发病率经计算后为1.37%，护理满意度经计算后为97.67%，对照组暴露儿童发病率经计算后为10.34%，护理满意度经计算后为81.40%，护理满意度经统计学软件计算后具有统计学意义（P<0.05），密切接触儿童发病率经比较差异也具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 小儿采用综合预防控制措施后，能使患儿病情得到更好的控制，家属满意度高，也能够将手足口病的传播率有效降低，可对儿童进行保护。

[关键词]小儿手足口病；疾病预防；控制措施；价值分析

[中图分类号] R725.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616（2017）14-45-04

Exploration of prevention and control measures of children with hand-foot-mouth disease in primary hospitals

LI Guilian

Lunjiao Hospital of Shunde Foshan City， Foshan 528308， China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the prevention and control measures of children with hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods 86 children who were treated in our hospital from May to October in 2016 were included in the research and selected as research objects. According to order of hospitalization， they were divided into the observation group（n=43） and the control group（n=43）. Children in the control group were given routine prevention and control measures while children in the observation group were given comprehensive prevention and control measures. Incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease of children under 5 years old who had close contact from attack to within 1 week of symptoms disappearance in two groups were observed. Incidences of exposed children in two groups were compared to analyze if there was statistical difference. In addition， nursing satisfaction of family members in two groups was compared. Results According to calculation， incidence and nursing satisfaction of exposed children in the observation group were respectively 1.37% and 97.67%. According to calculation， incidence and nursing satisfaction of exposed children in the control group were respectively 10.34% and 81.40%. After calculation by statistical software， nursing satisfaction had statistical significance（P<0.05）. After comparison， incidence of children who had close contact also had statistical significance（P<0.05）. Conclusion Children with comprehensive prevention and control measures， can make children better condition control， family satisfaction is high， can also effectively reduce the transmission rate of hand， foot and mouth disease， children can be protected. Implementation of comprehensive prevention and control measures for children can better control their disease and it has high satisfaction of family members. It can also effectively reduce spreading rate of hand-foot-mouth disease which can protect children.

[Key words] Children with hand-foot-mouth disease； Disease prevention； Control measures； Value analysis

手足口病的主要患病人群为婴小儿，多数感染为阴性感染，无显著的症状。少数患儿会引发脑脊髓炎、脑水肿以及急性脑膜炎等一系列疾病，从而对患儿的生命安全造成了严重的威胁[1]。就目前而言，临床并无特殊药，因此对疾病的预防逐渐成为重点内容。对于手足口病发病率较高的区域，虽然定期进行健康教育，但是并无显著的效果，其疾病的患病率依旧较高[2]。此研究分析小儿手足口病的预防与控制措施，现将研究过程以及结果进行如下汇报。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

纳入此研究中的86例研究对象均为我院2016年5～10月期间进行收治的患儿。根据入院治疗先……