新会区体检人群翼状胬肉患病率的流行病学调查

赵丽珍?詹研?陈尚茹?肖晓琴

[摘要] 目的 分析紫外线辐射对原发性翼状胬肉的流行病学调查。方法 选取我院体检中心从2016年1～12月接收的22 124例体检人员，对体检人员进行原发性翼状胬肉检查，分析流行病学。结果 对22 124例体检人员进行原发性翼状胬肉检查，其中患原发性翼状胬肉人数有295例，占1.333%，在295例原发性翼状胬肉患者中，农村患者有200例、患病率为67.80%，城市患者有95例、患病率为32.20%，不同地区患病率比较具有显著差异（P<0.05），其发病危险因素主要包括紫外线辐射、沙眼、高纬度地区、低纬度地区等，其中以紫外线辐射最为常见，患病率为61.02%。结论 紫外线辐射与原发性翼状胬肉发病率密切相关，农村患者发病率显著高于城市患者，紫外线辐射、沙眼、高纬度地区、低纬度地区为原发性翼状胬肉的危险因素，应制定预防措施，减少发病率。

[关键词] 紫外线辐射；原发性翼状胬肉；流行病学调查

[中图分类号] R772.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616（2017）14-174-03

Epidemiological investigation of the incidence of pterygium in the physical examination population of Xinhui district

ZHAO Lizhen ZHAN Yan CHEN Shangru XIAO Xiaoqin

Medical Examination Center， Xinhui District People's Hospital， Jiangmen 529100， China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the epidemiological investigation of primary pterygium with ultraviolet radiation. Methods 22 124 physical examination personnel in Medical examination center of our hospital from January 2016 to December 2016 were selected. The primary pterygium patients were examined to analyze the epidemiology. Results The primary pterygium was examined in 22 124 cases of physical examination， including 295 cases of primary pterygium， accounting for 1.333%. Of the 295 patients with primary pterygium， 200 were in rural areas， the prevalence rate was 67.80%， 95 cases were in urban areas， and the prevalence rate was 32.20%. There were significant differences in prevalence rates among different regions， P<0.05. The risk factors included ultraviolet radiation， trachoma， high latitude areas and low latitudes. Among them， ultraviolet radiation was the most common and the prevalence rate was 61.02%. Conclusion Ultraviolet radiation is closely related to the incidence of primary pterygium. The incidence rate of rural patients is higher than that of urban patients. Ultraviolet radiation， trachoma， high latitude areas， and low latitudes are risk factors for primary pterygium. Precautions should be taken to reduce morbidity.

[Key words] Ultraviolet radiation； Primary pterygium； Epidemiological investigation

原發性翼状胬肉在临床中较为常见，为结膜组织增生性疾病，多数患者常伴有眼部充血情况，严重影响患者外观，当胬肉侵袭至患者瞳孔区时，易导致患者视力下降，低纬度地区由于日照强烈，其发病率较高，而高纬度地区发病率较低[1-2]。因此，我院对紫外线辐射对原发性翼状胬肉的流行病学进行调查，见本文描述。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

收取我院体检中心22 124例体检人员，收取时间在2016年1～12月，对体检人员进行原发性翼状胬肉检查。纳入标准：所有体检人员均签署知情同意书，参与本次研究。

女性体检人员有11 062例，男性体检人员有11 062例，年龄20～50岁，体检人员平均年龄（36.2±2.4）岁。

1.2 方法

原发性翼状胬肉调查流程：（1）体检人员均填写基本资料，包括姓名、年龄、性别、工作、生活习惯等。（2）对体检者均用裂隙灯进行结膜和角膜检查。原发性翼状胬肉诊断标准：翼状胬肉明确侵入人体角膜缘，只有增生，未浸润至人体角膜缘内不纳入其中[3]。……