三位一体眼保健模式对学龄前儿童视力健康水平的影响

欧阳敏

[摘要]目的 探討三位一体眼保健模式对学龄前儿童视力健康水平的影响。方法 2015年1月～2017年1月从我市5所幼儿园随机抽取210例学龄前儿童为研究对象，随机分为观察组和对照组，每组各105例。给予对照组学龄前儿童及其家长常规健康教育，观察组在对照组基础上给予三位一体眼保健模式进行干预。两组均连续干预、观察2个月，2个月后对两组儿童用脏手揉眼睛、连续读写时间超过15 min、每天连续看荧光屏超过30 min等不良用眼习惯的发生情况进行比较；对儿童经常洗手、正确的读写姿势、每天做眼保健操超过2次等眼部保健行为进行统计、分析。结果 观察组学龄前儿童用脏手揉眼睛、连续读写时间超过15 min、每天连续看荧光屏超过30 min等不良用眼习惯率显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组学龄前儿童经常洗手、正确的读写姿势、每天做眼保健操超过2次等眼部保健行为率显著高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；两组学龄前儿童干预前视力不良情况相当，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；观察组学龄前儿童干预后视力不良情况得到显著改善，对照组学龄前儿童干预后视力不良情况加重，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 三位一体保健模式干预能够显著纠正学龄前儿童的不良用眼习惯，对于促使儿童养成良好用眼习惯，改善其视力不良情况，具有显著的作用。

[关键词]三位一体眼保健模式；学龄前儿童；视力健康

[中图分类号] R770.42 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2017）07（b）-0082-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of the three-in-one eye care model on the visual health of preschool children.Methods Altogether 210 preschool children from 5 kindergartens in our city from January 2015 to January 2017 were randomly selected as the subject of this research and were randomly divided into observation group and control group，with 105 cases in each group.Preschool children and their parents in control group were given routine health education.Observation group was given the three-in-one eye care model on the basis of control group.The two groups were administered with 2-month continuous intervention and observation；2 months later，bad eyes habits of children in the two groups were compared，including rubbing eyes with dirty hands，continuous reading and writing for more than 15 min，continuous viewing of the luminescent screen every day for more than 30 min；the eye care behavior of two groups was statistically analyzed including regular handwashing，reading and writing in the correct posture and doing eye exercises more than 2 times every day.Results The bad eyes habits of preschool children of observation group including rubbing eyes with dirty hands，continuous reading and writing for more than 15 min，continuous viewing of the luminescent screen every day for more than 30 min were significantly lower than those of control group，with statistically significant difference （P<0.05）；the eye care behavior of preschool children of observation group including regular hand washing，reading and writing in the correct posture and doing eye exercises more than 2 times every day was significantly higher than that of control group，with statistically significant difference （P<0.05）；the pre-interventional poor eyesight of two groups of preschool children was almost similar，without statistically significant difference （P>0.05）；the post-interventional poor eyesight of preschool children of observation group was improved significantly；the post-interventional poor eyesight of preschool children of control group was aggravated，both with statistically significant difference （P<0.05）.Conclusion Intervention of three-in-one eye care model can significantly correct the bad eye habits of preschool children，which plays a significant role in promotion of children′s good eye habit and improvement of their eyesight.

[Key words]Three-in-one eye care model；Preschool children；Visual health

据相关研究数据显示，我国学龄前儿童的视力疾病已经成为体检中疾病之首。3～6岁学龄前儿童眼功能的发育已经基本完成，是儿童眼部结构可逆性及功能可逆性的关键时期，也是争取视力健康发育的关键时期[1]。随着儿童眼保健工作的开展，存在问题较多，用眼卫生、用眼知识的缺乏，是导致这一现状的原因，这与儿童年龄幼小、家长及幼儿园监管有密切的关系[3]。……