小儿颜面部软组织裂伤的愈合及处理方法

2017-09-09 07:07:07李宇贾垚郑若楠张宝林
中国现代医生 2017年22期

李宇+贾垚+郑若楠+张宝林

[摘要] 随着人们生活水平及生活质量的提高,在现代社会,人们对自己美观尤为关注。颜面部是人体最常暴露、最容易受伤的部位,也是人体美集中反映的区域。小儿作为特殊人群,由于活泼顽皮,自我保护能力有限,颜面部更容易受伤,且受伤后家长对患儿的面部美观比较关心。随着医学技术的飞速发展,本着以人为本的原则,在瘢痕形成的各种理论支持下,各种技术出现可以使颜面部皮裂达到一期愈合,瘢痕不明显,现综述如下。

[关键词] 瘢痕;炎症;美容缝合;生物胶;皮肤减张器

[中图分类号] R726.22 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)22-0160-04

[Abstract] With the improvement of people's living standards and quality of life, people are particularly concerned about their own beauty in modern society. Face is the most exposed and vulnerable part of the body, and it is also the region of concentrated reflection of human body beauty. Children as a special crowd, due to lively, naughty and limited self-protection, are more likely to hurt the face, and the parents are very concerned about their child's facial beauty after the injury. With the rapid development of medical technology, in line with the principle of people-oriented, a variety of techniques can make facial cleft achieve healing by first intention with the support of various theories of scar formation. And the scar is not obvious. The techniques are summarized below.

[Key words] Scar; Inflammation; Cosmetic suture; Biomaterials; Skin tension reduction device

小儿由于自我控制能力差,容易导致面部组织裂伤,如若处理不当,会愈合不良,最后遗留明显瘢痕,会对患儿的心理及生理产生消极影响,不利于其健康成长[1]。瘢痕形成过程中,炎症起至关重要的作用,如果处理方法得当,可以适当减轻炎症反应或避免二次损伤导致的炎症反应,对患儿及家长是一个福音,近年来处理小儿颜面部裂伤得到良好效果的方法层出不穷,本文就小儿面部裂伤愈合基本过程及处理方法进展展开综述。

1 创伤愈合和瘢痕形成的病生学基础

伤口愈合是取代失活和丢失的细胞结构与组织层的一个复杂的、动态的过程。人类成人伤口愈合过程可分为3个不同的阶段,分别为炎症期、细胞增生期和重塑期[2]。有研究表明胎儿的无瘢痕愈合基于微弱的炎症反应,源于母亲宫内羊水打造的微环境和能够快速再生的组织条件[3]。……

登录APP查看全文