植物生长调节剂对紫霞黄栌组织培养的影响

吴凡+赵蓓蓓+王浩

摘要：以紫霞黄栌（Cotinus coggygria var. ‘Zixia）为材料，组培紫霞黄栌外植体，获得最适宜紫霞黄栌的组培条件，得到一套紫霞黄栌苗木资源大规模生产的组织培养技术规范。最适宜的诱导分化培养基为MS基础培养基添加1.0 mg/L 6-BA和0.1 mg/L NAA，扦插苗、一年生枝条和二年生枝条作为外植体的诱导率分别达到96.7%、93.3%和73.3%。外植體材料在5～8月适宜采集。增殖培养最适宜条件为以改良MS培养基作为基础培养基，pH调至5.4，添加100 μmol/L 6-BA、1 μmol/L NAA、10 μmol/L IAA并添加1 mg/L维生素C，评价得分4.23分，增殖系数最高达到8.97。生根培养使用MS改良培养基，添加0.3 mg/L IBA和0.2 mg/L NAA时生根率达到53%。移栽以消毒灭菌后的珍珠岩作为基质，温度控制为25 ℃，相对湿度保持在90%，移栽后组培苗成活率达到70%。使用该方法可大幅提高紫霞黄栌增殖数量。

关键词：紫霞黄栌（Cotinus coggygria var. ‘Zixia）；组织培养；改良MS培养基

中图分类号：Q943.1；S687 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）15-2942-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.15.036

Abstract： Continus coggygria var. ‘Zixia was used as the material to cultivate the explants of ‘Zixia through tissue culture. Aim to obtain the optimum culture condition of ‘Zixia and study the key technology of tissue culture and rapid propagation for ‘Zixia，in order to get a set of large-scale production of ‘Zixia seedling tissue culture technical specifications. The optimum inducing differentiation medium was MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA，the sprouting rate of cutting seedling，annual branches and biennial branches were 96.7%， 93.3% and 73.3% respectively. The suitable time for obtained explants were May to August. The optimum conditions for the proliferation culture were as follows：us modified MS medium，the pH was adjusted to 5.4， add 100 μmol/L 6-BA，1 μmol/L NAA， 10 μmol/L IAA， and 1 mg/L VC. The score was 4.23 and the proliferation coefficient reached 8.97. In the rooting culture stage was use modified MS medium，add with 0.3 mg/L IBA and 0.2 mg/L NAA， the rooting rate was 53%. During the transplanting stage， the perlite with sterile was used as the substrate，the temperature of greenhouse was controlled at 25 ℃，the relative humidity was kept at 90%，and the survival rate of plantlet was 70%. The use of this method can greatly improve proliferation of Cotinus coggygria var. ‘Zixia.

Key words： Continus coggygria var. ‘Zixia； tissue culture； modified MS medium

紫霞黄栌（Cotinus coggygria var. ‘Zixia）是漆树科（Anacardiaceae）黄栌属（Cotinus spp.）落叶小乔木或灌木。紫霞黄栌品种是黄栌的实生苗中发现的变异株，其当年生嫩芽、叶片和枝条在整个生长季呈紫红色，并保留了黄栌树种耐寒、耐旱、耐瘠薄和耐碱性土壤的生长特性[1]，当年苗高可达1 m左右，可运用于园林工程进行块状和带状种植，其长大成苗后可在庭院中孤植，也可在绿地中群植。紫霞黄栌观赏性佳，环境适应性强，应用范围广泛，其景观效果壮观，是良好的具有北京市绿化植物潜力的彩叶树种资源[2]。然而，紫霞黄栌作为黄栌的变异株，苗木数量少，扦插繁殖成活率低，从而大大限制了其生产效率。

组织培养是良种苗木快速繁育的有效途径[3]。……