王彤+吴玉梅
[摘要] 宫颈癌是唯一一个目前还在使用临床分期的妇科恶性肿瘤,通过对宫颈癌分期制订过程的历史回顾,可以了解其一直存在的问题。对宫颈癌尝试手术病理分期的探索研究尤其是治疗前淋巴结状态的评价纳入分期体系是宫颈癌临床研究的热点及难点。治疗前淋巴结状态评价的方法包括更精确的影像学检查方法如PET-CT、MRI、CT等检查判断是否有转移,腹腔镜/开腹/Robert机器人的腹膜内/腹膜外盆腔淋巴结和腹主动脉旁淋巴结切除或活检,是目前研究的热点,为宫颈癌分期提供了新的更精确的方法。
[关键词] 宫颈癌;分期;手术病理分期;准确性;预后
[中图分类号] R737.33 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2017)08(c)-0046-04
[Abstract] Cervical cancer staging-system is the first designed staging system for gynecological cancer and the only system has not been changed to surgical-pathological system. Through reviewing the designed history of cervical cancer can understand the persistent problems of the clinical staging system. Recently exploration of surgical-pathological system for cervical cancer is hot point. More accuracy imaging examination methods such as PET-CT, MRI, CT are used to detect metastatic lymph nodes in patients with cervical cancer, specially surgical pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy or lymph nodes biopsy (including laparotomy, abdominal and Robotic-Assisted) being applied in cervical cancer surgical-pathologic staging and scoring system explore a new and accuracy assessment way.
[Key words] Cervical cancer; Stage; Surgical-pathological staging; Accuracy; Prognosis
宮颈癌是常见妇科恶性肿瘤,最近的全球资料显示,在全世界妇女中,每年的新发病例数为460 000例[1]。根据《2012年肿瘤登记年报》发布的数据,1989~2008年我国宫颈癌发病率总体呈上升趋势,其发病率和死亡率逐年升高,城市与农村地区的宫颈癌粗死亡率分别以每年7.3%与3.9%速率增长[2]。对于宫颈癌的诊断治疗研究一直以来都是研究热点。宫颈癌是第一个制订分期的妇科恶性肿瘤,随着医学的发展,除了宫颈癌以外,妇科恶性肿瘤的分期基本上使用手术病理分期。从制订之初对宫颈癌分期准确性的质疑从未停止,随着精准医疗概念的提出,宫颈癌分期存在的问题引起越来越多临床医生的重视并尝试做出改变。本文就宫颈癌分期的历史演变、存在的问题及手术病理分期的探索研究进行综述。……